NR507/NR507 CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY ILLINOIS
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Hypersensitivity: Type 1 - CORRECT ANSWER - Type 1: Allergic
reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to mast cell
degranulation
Local symptoms:
-itching
-rash
Systemic symptoms:
-wheezing
Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction
systemic response of hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction
Main treatment: epinephrine reverses the effects
Hypersensitivity: Type 2 - CORRECT ANSWER - Type 2: Cytotoxic
reaction; tissue specific (ex: thyroid tissue)
Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
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,Can cause tissue damage or alter function
Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism) - example of altering thyroid
function, but does not destroy thyroid tissue
Incompatible blood type- example of cell/tissue damage that occurs;
severe transfusion reaction occurs and the transfused erythrocytes are
destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
Type 1 Hypersensitivity VS. Type 2 Hypersensitivity - CORRECT
ANSWER - Type 1 Hypersensitivity
Organ Specific
Antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface
Type 2 Hypersensitivity
Not Organ Specific
Antibody binds to the soluble antigen outside the cell surface that was
released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then
deposited in the tissues
Hypersensitivity: Type 3 - Examples - CORRECT ANSWER -
Rheumatoid arthritis: Antigen/antibodies are deposited in the joints
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, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)- very closely related to
autoimmunity- antigen/antibodies deposit in organs that cause tissue
damage
Hypersensitivity: Type 4 - CORRECT ANSWER - Delayed response
Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes like Types 1, 2 and 3
Is T-cell mediated
Differentiating Between the Rash of a Type 1 vs. Type 4 Reaction: -
CORRECT ANSWER - Type 1: Immediate hypersensitivity reactions,
termed atopic dermatitis, are usually characterized by widely
distributed lesions
Type 4: Contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity) consists of
lesions only at the site of contact with the allergen
The key determinant is the timing of the rash:
-Type 1 = Immediate
-Type 4 = Delayed: Several days following contact, ex would be poison
ivy
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ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Hypersensitivity: Type 1 - CORRECT ANSWER - Type 1: Allergic
reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to mast cell
degranulation
Local symptoms:
-itching
-rash
Systemic symptoms:
-wheezing
Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction
systemic response of hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction
Main treatment: epinephrine reverses the effects
Hypersensitivity: Type 2 - CORRECT ANSWER - Type 2: Cytotoxic
reaction; tissue specific (ex: thyroid tissue)
Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
1|Page
,Can cause tissue damage or alter function
Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism) - example of altering thyroid
function, but does not destroy thyroid tissue
Incompatible blood type- example of cell/tissue damage that occurs;
severe transfusion reaction occurs and the transfused erythrocytes are
destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
Type 1 Hypersensitivity VS. Type 2 Hypersensitivity - CORRECT
ANSWER - Type 1 Hypersensitivity
Organ Specific
Antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface
Type 2 Hypersensitivity
Not Organ Specific
Antibody binds to the soluble antigen outside the cell surface that was
released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then
deposited in the tissues
Hypersensitivity: Type 3 - Examples - CORRECT ANSWER -
Rheumatoid arthritis: Antigen/antibodies are deposited in the joints
2|Page
, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)- very closely related to
autoimmunity- antigen/antibodies deposit in organs that cause tissue
damage
Hypersensitivity: Type 4 - CORRECT ANSWER - Delayed response
Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes like Types 1, 2 and 3
Is T-cell mediated
Differentiating Between the Rash of a Type 1 vs. Type 4 Reaction: -
CORRECT ANSWER - Type 1: Immediate hypersensitivity reactions,
termed atopic dermatitis, are usually characterized by widely
distributed lesions
Type 4: Contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity) consists of
lesions only at the site of contact with the allergen
The key determinant is the timing of the rash:
-Type 1 = Immediate
-Type 4 = Delayed: Several days following contact, ex would be poison
ivy
3|Page
