AQA GCSE GEOGRAPHY PAPER 2
EXAM QUESTIONS & UPDATED
ANSWERS PASSED ALREADY
GRADED A+ NEWEST VERSION
What is Urbanisation? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The growth in the proportion of people
living in urban areas.
Describe the urban trend in High Income Countries (HICs) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Around
80% of the population lives in urban areas, the rate of urbanisation is low as most
people already live in urban areas.
Describe the urban trend in Low Income Countries (LICs) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Around
30% of the population lives in urban areas, the rate of urbanisation is high as more
people are moving to urban areas.
Describe the urban trend in Newly Emerging Countries (NEEs) - Correct Answer ✔✔
Around 50% of the population lives in urban areas, the rate of urbanisation is moderate.
What is rural-urban migration? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The movement of people from the
countryside to cities.
Give three push factors in rural-urban migration - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. Natural
disasters which can damage farmland and reduce income.
2. Newer mechanised farming equipment needs fewer workers.
3.Desertification can make land unusable for farming.
Give three pull factors in rural-urban migration - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. There are more
better paid jobs.
2. There is better access to education and healthcare.
3. There is better access to services.
How is natural increase in population defined? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Where the birth
rate is higher than the death rate.
What is an urban area? - Correct Answer ✔✔ A settlement with a high population
density.
,What are megacities? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Urban areas with more than 10 million
residents.
Where are most megacities found? - Correct Answer ✔✔ In LICs and NEEs
Where is Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Southern Coast of Nigeria
Describe the economic status of Nigeria - Correct Answer ✔✔ Nigeria is an NEE and
has the highest GDP of any country in Africa.
Give two reasons why Lagos is regionally important - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. The large
migrant population increases cultural diversity.
2. Lagos is well connected to other towns making it an important centre for trade.
Give two reasons why Lagos is nationally important - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. Lagos is
Nigeria's largest city.
2. 80% of Nigeria's industries are located in Lagos.
Give two reasons why Lagos is internationally important - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. Lagos
is the financial centre for the whole of West Africa.
2. The port and airport are important for global trade.
What has caused Lagos to grow so rapidly? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Historical
colonisation made it a centre for trade. Many ex-slaves returned home to Lagos in the
1800s. Lagos' independence and sale of oil triggered rapid economic growth. The
Nigerian Government has invested in construction projects. Nigeria is experiencing a
high rate of natural increase. An estimated 1200 migrants enter Lagos everyday.
Give four social opportunities created by Lagos' rapid growth. - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1.
There are more healthcare centres
2. A higher number of Nigerian children living in urban areas attend primary school than
in rural areas.
3. Lagos has better access to electricity than rural Nigeria.
4. Water treatment plants provide safe water in many areas of the city.
Give three economic opportunities created by Lagos' rapid growth - Correct Answer ✔✔
1.There are lots of construction groups.
2. There are more higher paid jobs in Lagos than in rural Nigeria.
,3. Lagos has a popular film and music industry - Nollywood.
What are informal settlements? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Houses or shelters that have
been built by people on land they have no legal right to use
What challenges does Lagos have with informal settlements? - Correct Answer ✔✔
66% of people in Lagos live in informal settlements. House construction can't keep up
with the rapid population growth leading to increased house prices. As informal
settlements are built illegally, people face eviction if the government decides to
demolish them to use the land for something else.
What challenges does Lagos have with supplying access to clean water? - Correct
Answer ✔✔ Only 40% of the city is connected to the country's formal water supply.
People living without access to the formal water supply pay higher prices to informal
sellers.
What challenges does Lagos have with providing sanitation? - Correct Answer ✔✔
There is limited access to sanitation, up to 15 households can share a toilet. Dirty water
often contaminates local water sources leading to poor health.
What challenges does Lagos have with supplying energy? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The
electricity supply for the city is insufficient, so neighbourhoods receive power on a rota.
What challenges does Lagos have with access to healthcare? - Correct Answer ✔✔
Access to healthcare is limited and many people can't afford the cost of primary
treatment.
What challenges does Lagos have with access to education? - Correct Answer ✔✔
There is limited access to education and many people can't afford the fees to send their
children to school.
What challenges does Lagos have with unemployment? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Formal
jobs aren't increasing as quickly as the rate of population increase so many people have
to work in the informal sector. The informal sector employment doesn't provide any legal
protection to workers.
What challenges does Lagos have with crime? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Crime rates in
informal settlements can be higher than other parts of Lagos.
What challenges does Lagos have with waste disposal ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Only
40% of the rubbish generated by the population of Lagos is collected by government
collections.
, What challenges does Lagos have with air and water pollution? - Correct Answer ✔✔
Waste disposal from factories isn't regulated or controlled, contaminating water supplies
and increasing air pollution and the emission of greenhouse gases.
What challenges does Lagos have with traffic congestion? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Limited
public transport increases the number of vehicles on the roads, increasing traffic
congestion and air pollution.
What is the Makoko Floating School? - Correct Answer ✔✔ An urban planning scheme
aiming to improve quality of life for the poorest people in Lagos.
How has the Makoko Floating School aimed to improve employment for the poorest in
Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The school was built by employing local unskilled workers
and training them.
How has the Makoko Floating School aimed to improve social cohesion for the poorest
in Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The school is used for social and community events,
improving community spirit and offering adult education.
How has the Makoko Floating School aimed to improve current incomes for the poorest
in Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The school has provided formal employment for local
teachers.
How has the Makoko Floating School aimed to improve future incomes for the poorest
in Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The education provided by the school has improved the
future job prospects of local children.
How was sustainability addressed by the Makoko Floating School in Lagos? - Correct
Answer ✔✔ The school was built using locally sourced materials.
How were energy supply issues addressed by the Makoko Floating School in Lagos? -
Correct Answer ✔✔ The school runs on solar power.
How was access to clean water addressed by the Makoko Floating School in Lagos? -
Correct Answer ✔✔ The school collects rainwater to meet its needs.
What was the UK's population in 2015? - Correct Answer ✔✔ 65 million people
What is population density? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The number of people living in a
square kilometre (km2)
State 3 challenges to the development of urban areas in the North of Scotland - Correct
Answer ✔✔ The upland regions are difficult to farm, have few natural resources, and
limited transportation connections.
EXAM QUESTIONS & UPDATED
ANSWERS PASSED ALREADY
GRADED A+ NEWEST VERSION
What is Urbanisation? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The growth in the proportion of people
living in urban areas.
Describe the urban trend in High Income Countries (HICs) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Around
80% of the population lives in urban areas, the rate of urbanisation is low as most
people already live in urban areas.
Describe the urban trend in Low Income Countries (LICs) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Around
30% of the population lives in urban areas, the rate of urbanisation is high as more
people are moving to urban areas.
Describe the urban trend in Newly Emerging Countries (NEEs) - Correct Answer ✔✔
Around 50% of the population lives in urban areas, the rate of urbanisation is moderate.
What is rural-urban migration? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The movement of people from the
countryside to cities.
Give three push factors in rural-urban migration - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. Natural
disasters which can damage farmland and reduce income.
2. Newer mechanised farming equipment needs fewer workers.
3.Desertification can make land unusable for farming.
Give three pull factors in rural-urban migration - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. There are more
better paid jobs.
2. There is better access to education and healthcare.
3. There is better access to services.
How is natural increase in population defined? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Where the birth
rate is higher than the death rate.
What is an urban area? - Correct Answer ✔✔ A settlement with a high population
density.
,What are megacities? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Urban areas with more than 10 million
residents.
Where are most megacities found? - Correct Answer ✔✔ In LICs and NEEs
Where is Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Southern Coast of Nigeria
Describe the economic status of Nigeria - Correct Answer ✔✔ Nigeria is an NEE and
has the highest GDP of any country in Africa.
Give two reasons why Lagos is regionally important - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. The large
migrant population increases cultural diversity.
2. Lagos is well connected to other towns making it an important centre for trade.
Give two reasons why Lagos is nationally important - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. Lagos is
Nigeria's largest city.
2. 80% of Nigeria's industries are located in Lagos.
Give two reasons why Lagos is internationally important - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1. Lagos
is the financial centre for the whole of West Africa.
2. The port and airport are important for global trade.
What has caused Lagos to grow so rapidly? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Historical
colonisation made it a centre for trade. Many ex-slaves returned home to Lagos in the
1800s. Lagos' independence and sale of oil triggered rapid economic growth. The
Nigerian Government has invested in construction projects. Nigeria is experiencing a
high rate of natural increase. An estimated 1200 migrants enter Lagos everyday.
Give four social opportunities created by Lagos' rapid growth. - Correct Answer ✔✔ 1.
There are more healthcare centres
2. A higher number of Nigerian children living in urban areas attend primary school than
in rural areas.
3. Lagos has better access to electricity than rural Nigeria.
4. Water treatment plants provide safe water in many areas of the city.
Give three economic opportunities created by Lagos' rapid growth - Correct Answer ✔✔
1.There are lots of construction groups.
2. There are more higher paid jobs in Lagos than in rural Nigeria.
,3. Lagos has a popular film and music industry - Nollywood.
What are informal settlements? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Houses or shelters that have
been built by people on land they have no legal right to use
What challenges does Lagos have with informal settlements? - Correct Answer ✔✔
66% of people in Lagos live in informal settlements. House construction can't keep up
with the rapid population growth leading to increased house prices. As informal
settlements are built illegally, people face eviction if the government decides to
demolish them to use the land for something else.
What challenges does Lagos have with supplying access to clean water? - Correct
Answer ✔✔ Only 40% of the city is connected to the country's formal water supply.
People living without access to the formal water supply pay higher prices to informal
sellers.
What challenges does Lagos have with providing sanitation? - Correct Answer ✔✔
There is limited access to sanitation, up to 15 households can share a toilet. Dirty water
often contaminates local water sources leading to poor health.
What challenges does Lagos have with supplying energy? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The
electricity supply for the city is insufficient, so neighbourhoods receive power on a rota.
What challenges does Lagos have with access to healthcare? - Correct Answer ✔✔
Access to healthcare is limited and many people can't afford the cost of primary
treatment.
What challenges does Lagos have with access to education? - Correct Answer ✔✔
There is limited access to education and many people can't afford the fees to send their
children to school.
What challenges does Lagos have with unemployment? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Formal
jobs aren't increasing as quickly as the rate of population increase so many people have
to work in the informal sector. The informal sector employment doesn't provide any legal
protection to workers.
What challenges does Lagos have with crime? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Crime rates in
informal settlements can be higher than other parts of Lagos.
What challenges does Lagos have with waste disposal ? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Only
40% of the rubbish generated by the population of Lagos is collected by government
collections.
, What challenges does Lagos have with air and water pollution? - Correct Answer ✔✔
Waste disposal from factories isn't regulated or controlled, contaminating water supplies
and increasing air pollution and the emission of greenhouse gases.
What challenges does Lagos have with traffic congestion? - Correct Answer ✔✔ Limited
public transport increases the number of vehicles on the roads, increasing traffic
congestion and air pollution.
What is the Makoko Floating School? - Correct Answer ✔✔ An urban planning scheme
aiming to improve quality of life for the poorest people in Lagos.
How has the Makoko Floating School aimed to improve employment for the poorest in
Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The school was built by employing local unskilled workers
and training them.
How has the Makoko Floating School aimed to improve social cohesion for the poorest
in Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The school is used for social and community events,
improving community spirit and offering adult education.
How has the Makoko Floating School aimed to improve current incomes for the poorest
in Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The school has provided formal employment for local
teachers.
How has the Makoko Floating School aimed to improve future incomes for the poorest
in Lagos? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The education provided by the school has improved the
future job prospects of local children.
How was sustainability addressed by the Makoko Floating School in Lagos? - Correct
Answer ✔✔ The school was built using locally sourced materials.
How were energy supply issues addressed by the Makoko Floating School in Lagos? -
Correct Answer ✔✔ The school runs on solar power.
How was access to clean water addressed by the Makoko Floating School in Lagos? -
Correct Answer ✔✔ The school collects rainwater to meet its needs.
What was the UK's population in 2015? - Correct Answer ✔✔ 65 million people
What is population density? - Correct Answer ✔✔ The number of people living in a
square kilometre (km2)
State 3 challenges to the development of urban areas in the North of Scotland - Correct
Answer ✔✔ The upland regions are difficult to farm, have few natural resources, and
limited transportation connections.
