Anatomy and Physiology 1: Midterm Review questions and answers-must read

Anatomy and Physiology 1: Midterm
Review questions and answers-must
read
What is the primary function of the integumentary system?
✔️✔️ Protection of the body, regulation of temperature, and prevention of water loss

What is homeostasis in the human body?
✔️✔️ The maintenance of a stable internal environment despite external changes

What is the basic unit of life in anatomy and physiology?
✔️✔️ The cell

What is the function of the cell membrane?
✔️✔️ It controls what enters and leaves the cell

What is the role of cytoplasm in a cell?
✔️✔️ It suspends organelles and is the site of many metabolic reactions

What is the function of ribosomes?
✔️✔️ Protein synthesis

What does the Golgi apparatus do?
✔️✔️ Modifies, packages, and transports proteins

What is the function of lysosomes?
✔️✔️ Breakdown of waste materials and cellular debris

What is the role of the mitochondria?
✔️✔️ Production of ATP (energy) through cellular respiration

What is diffusion?
✔️✔️ Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration

What is osmosis?
✔️✔️ Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane

What is active transport?
✔️✔️ Movement of substances against the concentration gradient using energy



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,What is tissue?
✔️✔️ A group of similar cells working together to perform a function

What is the function of epithelial tissue?
✔️✔️ Protection, absorption, and secretion

What is connective tissue primarily responsible for?
✔️✔️ Support, binding, and protection

What is the main function of muscle tissue?
✔️✔️ Contraction to produce movement

What is the role of nervous tissue?
✔️✔️ Transmission of electrical impulses

What is the anatomical position?
✔️✔️ Standing upright, facing forward, arms at sides, palms facing forward

What does the term “posterior” mean?
✔️✔️ Toward the back of the body

What does “medial” refer to?
✔️✔️ Toward the midline of the body

What does “lateral” refer to?
✔️✔️ Away from the midline of the body

What is the function of the skeletal system?
✔️✔️ Support, protection, and movement

What type of tissue is bone classified as?
✔️✔️ Connective tissue

What is the function of cartilage?
✔️✔️ Provides flexible support and reduces friction at joints

What are joints?
✔️✔️ Points where two or more bones meet

What is the function of ligaments?
✔️✔️ Connect bones to other bones

What is the function of tendons?
✔️✔️ Connect muscles to bones

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, What is the main function of the muscular system?
✔️✔️ Movement and maintenance of posture

What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?
✔️✔️ Voluntary muscles are consciously controlled, involuntary muscles are not

What is the function of the nervous system?
✔️✔️ Control and coordination of body activities

What is a neuron?
✔️✔️ A nerve cell that transmits impulses

What is the function of the brain?
✔️✔️ Processes information and controls body functions

What is the function of the spinal cord?
✔️✔️ Transmits signals between the brain and the body

What is the role of the endocrine system?
✔️✔️ Secretes hormones to regulate body functions

What are hormones?
✔️✔️ Chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
✔️✔️ Transports blood, nutrients, gases, and wastes

What is the role of the heart?
✔️✔️ Pumps blood throughout the body

What is the function of blood?
✔️✔️ Transport, regulation, and protection

What is the function of red blood cells?
✔️✔️ Carry oxygen

What is the function of white blood cells?
✔️✔️ Fight infection

What is the role of platelets?
✔️✔️ Blood clotting

What is the function of the respiratory system?
✔️✔️ Gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide

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