NURS 5432 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Which antibiotics should be avoided in pregnant patients with UTI? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Avoid Fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines due to potential adverse effects
on fetal development.
Fragile X Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER- Mutation of FMR1 gene on X
chromosome
Most common cause of autism in either gender
Fragile X clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER- Male:
Large testicles
Large body habitus
Learning and behavioral issues
Large forehead and ears
Prominent jaw
Avoids eye contact
Female: less common, fewer prominent findings
Fragile X Syndrome Treatment - CORRECT ANSWER- **Behavioral therapy
**Educational management
**Medication to manage mental status and behavior (ADHD, anxiety,
aggressionAbnormal growth and development: skin - CORRECT ANSWER-
Jaundice within the first 24 hours (pathologic, possible hemolysis or infection).
Petechiae, purpura (suggests clotting disorders or sepsis).
Birthmarks: Café-au-lait spots (>6 or >0.5 cm in size may indicate neurofibromatosis).
Port-wine stain (may indicate Sturge-Weber syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Head - CORRECT ANSWER- Bulging fontanel
(increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus).
Sunken fontanel (dehydration).
Craniosynostosis (premature suture closure, abnormal head shape).
Large anterior fontanel (hypothyroidism, Down syndrome).
, Abnormal growth and development: Eyes - CORRECT ANSWER- Absent red reflex
(retinoblastoma, congential cataracts).
Hypertelorism (widely spaced eyes may indicate genetic syndromes like Down or
Noonan syndrome).
Purulent eye drainage is not normal usually indicative of infection gonorrhea,chlamydia,
or herpes
Persistent strabismus after 6 months.
Abnormal growth and development: Ears - CORRECT ANSWER- Low-set ears
(associated with renal or genetic abnormality like Turner's or trisomy 21).
Ear pits or tags (linked to renal anomalies).
Abnormal growth and development: Mouth - CORRECT ANSWER- Cleft palate/lip
(requires surgical evaluation).
Absent suck reflex (neurological impairment or prematurity).
Macroglossia (associated with hypothyroidism, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Neck - CORRECT ANSWER- Webbing
excessive amounts of skin Turner's or Noonan's syndrome
Abnormal growth and development: Neurological - CORRECT ANSWER- Tone
abnormalities:
Hypotonia ("floppy baby syndrome" may indicate CNS abnormalities or genetic
conditions).
Hypertonia (cerebral palsy, neonatal abstinence syndrome).
Reflexes:
Absent Moro reflex (brachial plexus injury, neurologic abnormality).
Persistent primitive reflexes beyond expected age (suggests developmental delay).
Seizures: Subtle movements like lip smacking, pedaling, or eye deviation may indicate
seizures.
Abnormal growth and development: Cardiovascular - CORRECT ANSWER-
Murmurs: Cyanosis with murmur (congenital heart defects like Tetralogy of Fallot).
Weak/absent femoral pulses (coarctation of the aorta).
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Which antibiotics should be avoided in pregnant patients with UTI? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Avoid Fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines due to potential adverse effects
on fetal development.
Fragile X Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER- Mutation of FMR1 gene on X
chromosome
Most common cause of autism in either gender
Fragile X clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER- Male:
Large testicles
Large body habitus
Learning and behavioral issues
Large forehead and ears
Prominent jaw
Avoids eye contact
Female: less common, fewer prominent findings
Fragile X Syndrome Treatment - CORRECT ANSWER- **Behavioral therapy
**Educational management
**Medication to manage mental status and behavior (ADHD, anxiety,
aggressionAbnormal growth and development: skin - CORRECT ANSWER-
Jaundice within the first 24 hours (pathologic, possible hemolysis or infection).
Petechiae, purpura (suggests clotting disorders or sepsis).
Birthmarks: Café-au-lait spots (>6 or >0.5 cm in size may indicate neurofibromatosis).
Port-wine stain (may indicate Sturge-Weber syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Head - CORRECT ANSWER- Bulging fontanel
(increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus).
Sunken fontanel (dehydration).
Craniosynostosis (premature suture closure, abnormal head shape).
Large anterior fontanel (hypothyroidism, Down syndrome).
, Abnormal growth and development: Eyes - CORRECT ANSWER- Absent red reflex
(retinoblastoma, congential cataracts).
Hypertelorism (widely spaced eyes may indicate genetic syndromes like Down or
Noonan syndrome).
Purulent eye drainage is not normal usually indicative of infection gonorrhea,chlamydia,
or herpes
Persistent strabismus after 6 months.
Abnormal growth and development: Ears - CORRECT ANSWER- Low-set ears
(associated with renal or genetic abnormality like Turner's or trisomy 21).
Ear pits or tags (linked to renal anomalies).
Abnormal growth and development: Mouth - CORRECT ANSWER- Cleft palate/lip
(requires surgical evaluation).
Absent suck reflex (neurological impairment or prematurity).
Macroglossia (associated with hypothyroidism, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Neck - CORRECT ANSWER- Webbing
excessive amounts of skin Turner's or Noonan's syndrome
Abnormal growth and development: Neurological - CORRECT ANSWER- Tone
abnormalities:
Hypotonia ("floppy baby syndrome" may indicate CNS abnormalities or genetic
conditions).
Hypertonia (cerebral palsy, neonatal abstinence syndrome).
Reflexes:
Absent Moro reflex (brachial plexus injury, neurologic abnormality).
Persistent primitive reflexes beyond expected age (suggests developmental delay).
Seizures: Subtle movements like lip smacking, pedaling, or eye deviation may indicate
seizures.
Abnormal growth and development: Cardiovascular - CORRECT ANSWER-
Murmurs: Cyanosis with murmur (congenital heart defects like Tetralogy of Fallot).
Weak/absent femoral pulses (coarctation of the aorta).
