Test Bank 2026: -AP 2 Module 7 Page 1 of 13 2/1/2026
Anatomy of the Urinary System
1. The urinary system has ____ kidneys, _____ ureters, and _____ bladder.
2 kidneys
2 ureters
1 bladder
2. Describe the shape, weight and location of the adult kidney.
Bean shaped
Size of a can of soup
5 ounces
Under rib cage between T-12 and L-3
Right kidney slightly lower than the left because of it’s position below the
liver
3. The ____glands are located on top of each kidney.
Adrenal glands
4. Describe the three layers of protective tissue that surround the kidney.
Renal capsule
o Tough fibrous outer skin
o Protect from injury and infection
Adipose capsule
o Fatty layer outside the renal capsule
o Protect from trauma
Renal fascia
o Dense fibrous connective tissue
o Keep in place
5. A vertical cross section shows what three regions inside the kidney?
Renal cortex
o Just inside renal capsule
o Continuous outer region with several projections (cortical columns) that
extend down between the renal medulla pyramids
o Contains glomerular capsule
o Contains distal and proximal convoluted tubule sections of nephrons
and associated blood vessels
Renal Medulla
o Middle section
o Divided into sections called pyramids that point to the center of the
kidney
o Contains the Loop of Henly
o Contains collecting duction sections of nephrons and associated blood
vessels
AP 2 Module 7 Test Bank 2026/ AP 2 Module 7.pdf AP 2 Module 7.pdf
, Test Bank 2026: -AP 2 Module 7 Page 2 of 13 2/1/2026
Renal Pelvis
o Centermost sections of the kidney
o Near the renal hilus
o Funnel-shaped tube that connects to the ureter as it leaves the hilus
o Several extensions called calyces collect urine which drains
continuously into the renal pelvis and subsequently into the ureter
which transports urine to the bladder to be stored
6. The _____ is a continuous outer region with several cortical columns.
Renal cortex
7. The renal medulla is divided into sections called _____.
Pyramids
8. Describe the renal pelvis.
Centermost sections of the kidney
Near the renal hilus
Funnel-shaped tube that connects to the ureter as it leaves the hilus
Several extensions called calyces collect urine which drains continuously into
the renal pelvis and subsequently into the ureter which transports urine to
the bladder to be stored
9. Label blood supply to and within the kidney. Make any notes/comments here.
10. Trace the flow of blood through the vessels of the kidney from renal artery
into the glomerulus and back to the renal vein.
Renal artery – Segmental artery – Lobar artery – interlobar artery – arcuate artery –
interlobular artery - afferent arteriole - glomerular capillaries – efferent arteriole –
peritubular or Vasa recta capillaries – interlobular vein – arcuate vein – interlobar
vein – renal vein
11. Input from the _______ adjusts the diameter of the renal arteries thereby
regulating renal blood flow.
Sympathetic nervous system
12. Urine is carried from the kidneys to the bladder by thin muscular tubes called
____.
Ureters
AP 2 Module 7 Test Bank 2026/ AP 2 Module 7.pdf AP 2 Module 7.pdf
Anatomy of the Urinary System
1. The urinary system has ____ kidneys, _____ ureters, and _____ bladder.
2 kidneys
2 ureters
1 bladder
2. Describe the shape, weight and location of the adult kidney.
Bean shaped
Size of a can of soup
5 ounces
Under rib cage between T-12 and L-3
Right kidney slightly lower than the left because of it’s position below the
liver
3. The ____glands are located on top of each kidney.
Adrenal glands
4. Describe the three layers of protective tissue that surround the kidney.
Renal capsule
o Tough fibrous outer skin
o Protect from injury and infection
Adipose capsule
o Fatty layer outside the renal capsule
o Protect from trauma
Renal fascia
o Dense fibrous connective tissue
o Keep in place
5. A vertical cross section shows what three regions inside the kidney?
Renal cortex
o Just inside renal capsule
o Continuous outer region with several projections (cortical columns) that
extend down between the renal medulla pyramids
o Contains glomerular capsule
o Contains distal and proximal convoluted tubule sections of nephrons
and associated blood vessels
Renal Medulla
o Middle section
o Divided into sections called pyramids that point to the center of the
kidney
o Contains the Loop of Henly
o Contains collecting duction sections of nephrons and associated blood
vessels
AP 2 Module 7 Test Bank 2026/ AP 2 Module 7.pdf AP 2 Module 7.pdf
, Test Bank 2026: -AP 2 Module 7 Page 2 of 13 2/1/2026
Renal Pelvis
o Centermost sections of the kidney
o Near the renal hilus
o Funnel-shaped tube that connects to the ureter as it leaves the hilus
o Several extensions called calyces collect urine which drains
continuously into the renal pelvis and subsequently into the ureter
which transports urine to the bladder to be stored
6. The _____ is a continuous outer region with several cortical columns.
Renal cortex
7. The renal medulla is divided into sections called _____.
Pyramids
8. Describe the renal pelvis.
Centermost sections of the kidney
Near the renal hilus
Funnel-shaped tube that connects to the ureter as it leaves the hilus
Several extensions called calyces collect urine which drains continuously into
the renal pelvis and subsequently into the ureter which transports urine to
the bladder to be stored
9. Label blood supply to and within the kidney. Make any notes/comments here.
10. Trace the flow of blood through the vessels of the kidney from renal artery
into the glomerulus and back to the renal vein.
Renal artery – Segmental artery – Lobar artery – interlobar artery – arcuate artery –
interlobular artery - afferent arteriole - glomerular capillaries – efferent arteriole –
peritubular or Vasa recta capillaries – interlobular vein – arcuate vein – interlobar
vein – renal vein
11. Input from the _______ adjusts the diameter of the renal arteries thereby
regulating renal blood flow.
Sympathetic nervous system
12. Urine is carried from the kidneys to the bladder by thin muscular tubes called
____.
Ureters
AP 2 Module 7 Test Bank 2026/ AP 2 Module 7.pdf AP 2 Module 7.pdf
