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What is the most accurate way to measure energy dose to the
patient? - ANSWER-B1 + rms
Formula for temperature change in a patient -
ANSWER-dTp/dt = SAR/C, where C = 4186 J/kg, Tp
= temperature
How much does liquid helium expand when transitioning to
gaseous helium? - ANSWER->700x
Electric field density (JE) formula - ANSWER-JE = Conductivity x
electric field strength x B0 x V where V = velocity?
Thermodynamic stability - ANSWER-the change that a gadolinium
agent will transmetallate
,Diamagnetic - ANSWER-Very small negative magnetic
susceptibility (X), two electrons in an orbital
Kinetic stability - ANSWER-The rate at which a gadolinium agent
dissociates
Paramagnetic - ANSWER-Very small positive magnetic
susceptibility (X), one electron in an orbital Ferromagnetic -
ANSWER-very large positive magnetic susceptibility (X), domains
of directional magnetism that can align with an external field,
retains magnetism after being removed from field
RF Pulse power (heating) formula - ANSWER-Power = Flip Angle
^2 x (Tp / Tr) where Tp = pulse duration, Tr =
Slew rate formula - ANSWER-Maximum Gradient Strength (mT/m)
/ Rise Time (ms)
What parameters can be changed to reduce
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS)? - ANSWERIncrease rise time
(reduces slew rate), decrease matrix/phase encoding (reduces
slope of gradient), increasing slice thickness (shallower slice
selection gradient), increase FOV (shallower frequency encoding
,gradient), phase noise-canceling (opposite frequency to noise),
increase echo time TE
What quantitative property of the gradient coils is responsible for
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS)? - ANSWER-slew rate
What contrast agents are the most stable? -
ANSWER-macrocyclic, ionic
Nitinol is (paramagnetic/diamagnet/ferromagnetic) - ANSWER-
paramagnetic
What is a common dose of gadolinium? - ANSWER-
0.1 mmol/kg
In what direction relative to the magnetic flux will the strongest
Lenz's force be produced? - ANSWERantiparallel
What is the ASTM duration of time defined for heating effects? -
ANSWER-15 mins continuous scanning
Where is translational force at a maximum? - ANSWER-edge of
bore
, Where is translational force at a minimum? - ANSWER-isocenter
Do RF fields extend outside the bore? - ANSWER-no
What kind of stainless steel is NOT ferritic? - ANSWER-316L
austenitic stainless steel
Cobalt is (paramagnetic/diamagnetic/ferromagnetic)
- ANSWER-ferromagnetic
MP35N alloy is (ferrous/not ferrous) - ANSWER-not ferrous
How much risk does a temporary epicardial pacing wire pose? -
ANSWER-minimal risk because the wires are usually not ferrous
and have a very short length that will not create much heating
What is the minimum type and amount of padding to reduce a
proximity or loop burn? - ANSWER-1 cm foam pad (thick enough,
not impacted by sweat)