PN 4003 VARIATIONS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST 2026/2027 UPDATE | RATED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS.

PN 4003 VARIATIONS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST 2026/2027 UPDATE | RATED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS. The nursing instructor is talking with the nursing class about fluid and electrolyte balance. What would the instructor tell the students that the average daily fluid intake for an adult is? 2500ml The nurse is instructing on the body's negative feedback loop to ensure homeostasis to a group of students. Which action by bases keeps the blood pH nearly neutral? A. Bases cast off acids. B. Bases bind with hydrogen. C. Bases hold acidic properties. D. Bases have no contact with acids. B The nurse is correct to state that a client's body needs to have adequate nutrition to maintain energy. Which type of transport of dissolved substances requires adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? A. Osmosis B. Passive diffusion C. Facilitated diffusion D. Active transport D- active transport requires use of body’s energy molecule ATP to meet body needs for fluid and particle transport Which laboratory result does the nurse identify as a direct result of the client's hypovolemic status with hemoconcentration? A. Abnormal potassium level B. Elevated hematocrit level C. Low white blood count D. Low urine specific gravity B The nurse is caring for a client in heart failure with signs of hypervolemia. Which vital sign is indicative of the disease process? A. Low heart rate B. Elevated blood pressure C. Rapid respiration D. Subnormal temperature B A nurse is providing an afternoon shift report and relates morning assessment findings to the oncoming nurse. Which daily assessment data is necessary to determine changes in the client's hypervolemia status? A. vital signs B. edema C. intake and output D. weight D The nurse is reviewing client lab work for a critical lab value. Which value is called to the health care provider for additional prescriptions? A. Potassium: 5.8 mEq/L B. Sodium: 138 mEq/L C. Magnesium:2 mEq/L D. Calcium: 10 mg/dL A The nurse is assigned a client with calcium level of 4.0 mg/dL. Which system assessment would the nurse ask detailed questions? A. Endocrine system B. Gastrointestinal system C. Neurological system D. Musculoskeletal system C- this pt has hypocalcemia. Nurse will monitor for neurological manifestations such as spasms and seizures The nurse is caring for a client with multiple organ failure and in metabolic acidosis. Which pair of organs is responsible for regulatory processes and compensation? A. Kidney and liver B. Heart and lungs C. Lungs and kidney D. Pancreas and stomach C - The nurse receives report that a client's pH level is 7.4. Which nursing action would be most appropriate? A. Call the health care provider with the report. B. Encourage the client to practice deep breathing. C. Finish the head-to-toe assessment. D. Obtain an ECG. C The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is experiencing respiratory acidosis. The client asks what is making the acidotic state. What does the nurse identify as the result of the disease process that causes the fall in pH? A. The lungs are unable to breathe in sufficient oxygen. B. The lungs are unable to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. C. The lungs have ineffective cilia from years of smoking. D. The lungs are not able to regulate carbonic acid levels. D The nurse is caring for a client with frequent dizziness. The nurse is evaluating the client for postural hypotension. Which of the following symptoms would indicate a potential diagnosis? A. A blood pressure elevation upon activity B. A drop in systolic blood pressure (15 mm Hg) upon rising C. A pulsating headache D. A drop in diastolic blood pressure (25 mmHg) upon rising B A nurse is assessing a client's reflexes. Which condition does the nurse need to confirm when tapping the facial nerve of a client who has dysphagia? A. Hypervolemia B. Hypercalcemia C. Hypomagnesemia D. Hypermagnesemia C unilateral spasm of facial muscles when the nurse taps over the facial muscle. Known as Chvostek's sign The nurse knows to take extra care to check for signs of bruising or bleeding with which electrolyte imblance? Hypocalcemia hypocalcemia can affect clotting The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for a client with a possible acid-base imbalance. The physician has prescribed an arterial blood gas (ABG). What is one of the most important indications of an acid-base imbalance that is shown in an ABG? a)PaO2 b)PO2 c)Carbonic acid d)Bicarbonate D The nursing student is preparing to care for an ICU client with shock. The instructor asks the student to name the different categories of shock. Which of the following is a category of shock? A. Hypervolemic B. Distributive C. Restrictive D. Cardiotonic B The nurse is caring for a client with shock. The nurse is concerned about hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis with the client. What finding should the nurse analyze for evidence of hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis in a client with shock? A. Serum thyroid level findings B. Arterial blood gas (ABG) findings C. Red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin count findings D. White blood cell count findings B The nurse is caring for a client who is in neurogenic shock. The nurse knows that this is a subcategory of what kind of shock? A. Obstructive B. Hypovolemic C. Carcinogenic D. Distributive D The student nurse is being precepted in the ICU. The student is caring for a client in the compensatory stage of shock who is hypovolemic. Which compensatory mechanism is most important in the re absorption and retention of fluid in the body?