B1 Cell Biology
Prokaryotic- genetic information is not in a nucleus and are smaller
Eukaryotic- genetic information in a nucleus
In both cells
- Nucleus- contains genetic information
- Cytoplasm- chemical reactions happen
- Cell membrane- control what enters and leaves
- Mitochondria- where aerobic respiration happens
- Ribosomes- site of protein synthesis
Plant cells only
- Chloroplast- contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis
- Cell wall- strengthens cell
- Vacuole- Contains cell sap and helps give the cell its shape
Specialised cells- when a cell becomes specialised in differentiation
- Sperm- gets male DNA to female
Has a tail to swim, lots of mitochondria
- Nerve- send electrical impulses around the body
Long to cover more distance
- Muscle- contracts quickly
Long, energy from mitochondria
- Root hair- absorbs water from soil
Large surface area so it can absorb more substances
- Phloem- Transports substances around plant
Pores allow sap to flow, cells are long, join end to end
- Xylem- Transports water in plants
Hollow centre, tubes join end to end
Microscopes- allow us to magnify
Light microscopes:
- Limited magnification and resolution
- Cheap
- Can view living samples
- Light to form images
Electron microscopes:
- Expensive
- High magnification
- High resolution
- Can’t see living samples
Prokaryotic- genetic information is not in a nucleus and are smaller
Eukaryotic- genetic information in a nucleus
In both cells
- Nucleus- contains genetic information
- Cytoplasm- chemical reactions happen
- Cell membrane- control what enters and leaves
- Mitochondria- where aerobic respiration happens
- Ribosomes- site of protein synthesis
Plant cells only
- Chloroplast- contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis
- Cell wall- strengthens cell
- Vacuole- Contains cell sap and helps give the cell its shape
Specialised cells- when a cell becomes specialised in differentiation
- Sperm- gets male DNA to female
Has a tail to swim, lots of mitochondria
- Nerve- send electrical impulses around the body
Long to cover more distance
- Muscle- contracts quickly
Long, energy from mitochondria
- Root hair- absorbs water from soil
Large surface area so it can absorb more substances
- Phloem- Transports substances around plant
Pores allow sap to flow, cells are long, join end to end
- Xylem- Transports water in plants
Hollow centre, tubes join end to end
Microscopes- allow us to magnify
Light microscopes:
- Limited magnification and resolution
- Cheap
- Can view living samples
- Light to form images
Electron microscopes:
- Expensive
- High magnification
- High resolution
- Can’t see living samples
