2
NSC EMT Final Exam with accurate detailed solutions
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Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct?
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A) Tissue damage that occurs in crush syndrome is severe, but kidney injury is unlikely
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because toxins are quickly eliminated from the body.
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B) With crush syndrome, massive blood vessel damage occurs following severe soft-tissue
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
injuries, such as amputation of an extremity.
|| || || || || ||
C) Provided that a patient with a crush injury is freed from entrapment within 6 hours, the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
amount of tissue damaged is generally minimal.
|| || || || || ||
Correct!
D)Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours. - ✔✔D) Compromised arterial blood flow leads
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4
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hours?
A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
bleeding from the wound, you should? - ✔✔replace the avulsed flap to its original position
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and cover it with a sterile dressing.
|| || || || || ||
During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
is MOST consistent with a? - ✔✔shotgun.
|| || || || || ||
A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
assessing his airway, you should? - ✔✔administer high-flow oxygen
|| || || || || || || ||
,2
As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
leg. You should? - ✔✔open his airway and assess his breathing status
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
When performing a full body scan, you should assess for - ✔✔DCAP-BTLS
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
If your patient swallows blood following facial trauma, there is an increased risk of? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔vomiting
The MOST significant complication associated with facial injuries is? - ✔✔airway
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
compromise
When caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMT's immediate priority should
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
be to? - ✔✔wear gloves and facial protection
|| || || || || || ||
Significant trauma to the face should increase the EMT's index of suspicion for a(n)? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔spinal column injury || ||
You are assessing a 59-year-old male and note that his pupils are unequal. He is conscious
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and alert. When obtaining his medical history, it is MOST pertinent to ask him if he? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔has a history of eye surgeries || || || || ||
When transporting a patient with a facial injury, it is MOST important to be as descriptive
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
as possible with the hospital regarding the patient's injuries because? - ✔✔they may need to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
call a specialist to see the patient
|| || || || || || ||
Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings || || || || ||
,2
Glasgow Coma Scale (Eyes) - ✔✔E 4 V 5 M 6
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Eyes ||
4- spontaneous
|| ||
3- response to voice
|| || || ||
2- Response to pain
|| || ||
1- unresponsive
||
Glasgow Coma Scale (Verbal) - ✔✔E 4 V 5 M 6
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Verbal
5- Oriented, converses normally
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4- Confused, disoriented
|| ||
3- Utters incoherent words
|| || || ||
2- Incomprehensible sounds
|| ||
1- unresponsive
||
Glasgow Coma Scale (Motor) - ✔✔E 4 V 5 M 6
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Motor
6- Obeys commands
|| ||
5- Localizes to painful stimuli
|| || || ||
4- Flexion / Withdrawal to painful stimuli
|| || || || || ||
3- Abnormal flexion to painful stimuli (decorticate response)
|| || || || || || ||
2- Extension to painful stimuli (decerebrate response)
|| || || || || ||
, 2
1- unresponsive
||
Decorticate response - ✔✔with elbows, wrists and fingers flexed, and legs extended and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
rotated inward ||
Decerebrate response - ✔✔the head is arched back, the arms are extended by the sides, and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the legs are extended
|| || ||
A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which type of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
shock would this condition cause? - ✔✔Obstructive
|| || || || || ||
Your patient is involved in a MVA. MVA stands for? - ✔✔Motor Vehicle Accident
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
You are caring for a very sick patient who is complaining of chest pain. You have him in
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
your cardiac monitor showing AF. Suddenly the patient goes into VF, so you attach your
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
AED and shock him. What is AF, VF, and AED - ✔✔AF - Atrial fibrillation
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
VF - Ventricle fibrillation
|| || ||
AED - Automated External Defibrilator
|| || || ||
When carrying a patient up or down stairs, you should avoid? - ✔✔Using a wheeled
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
stretcher whenever possible || ||
The minimum number of rescuers to lift a patient who weighs 250 lbs or more? - ✔✔4
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
To avoid injury when pushing a patient or object, you should? - ✔✔Avoid pushing with
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
your elbows fully extended.
|| || ||
NSC EMT Final Exam with accurate detailed solutions
|| || || || || || ||
Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct?
|| || || || || || || || ||
A) Tissue damage that occurs in crush syndrome is severe, but kidney injury is unlikely
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
because toxins are quickly eliminated from the body.
|| || || || || || ||
B) With crush syndrome, massive blood vessel damage occurs following severe soft-tissue
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
injuries, such as amputation of an extremity.
|| || || || || ||
C) Provided that a patient with a crush injury is freed from entrapment within 6 hours, the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
amount of tissue damaged is generally minimal.
|| || || || || ||
Correct!
D)Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours. - ✔✔D) Compromised arterial blood flow leads
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
hours?
A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
bleeding from the wound, you should? - ✔✔replace the avulsed flap to its original position
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and cover it with a sterile dressing.
|| || || || || ||
During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
is MOST consistent with a? - ✔✔shotgun.
|| || || || || ||
A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
assessing his airway, you should? - ✔✔administer high-flow oxygen
|| || || || || || || ||
,2
As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
leg. You should? - ✔✔open his airway and assess his breathing status
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
When performing a full body scan, you should assess for - ✔✔DCAP-BTLS
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
If your patient swallows blood following facial trauma, there is an increased risk of? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔vomiting
The MOST significant complication associated with facial injuries is? - ✔✔airway
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
compromise
When caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMT's immediate priority should
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
be to? - ✔✔wear gloves and facial protection
|| || || || || || ||
Significant trauma to the face should increase the EMT's index of suspicion for a(n)? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔spinal column injury || ||
You are assessing a 59-year-old male and note that his pupils are unequal. He is conscious
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and alert. When obtaining his medical history, it is MOST pertinent to ask him if he? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔has a history of eye surgeries || || || || ||
When transporting a patient with a facial injury, it is MOST important to be as descriptive
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
as possible with the hospital regarding the patient's injuries because? - ✔✔they may need to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
call a specialist to see the patient
|| || || || || || ||
Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings || || || || ||
,2
Glasgow Coma Scale (Eyes) - ✔✔E 4 V 5 M 6
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Eyes ||
4- spontaneous
|| ||
3- response to voice
|| || || ||
2- Response to pain
|| || ||
1- unresponsive
||
Glasgow Coma Scale (Verbal) - ✔✔E 4 V 5 M 6
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Verbal
5- Oriented, converses normally
|| || || ||
4- Confused, disoriented
|| ||
3- Utters incoherent words
|| || || ||
2- Incomprehensible sounds
|| ||
1- unresponsive
||
Glasgow Coma Scale (Motor) - ✔✔E 4 V 5 M 6
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Motor
6- Obeys commands
|| ||
5- Localizes to painful stimuli
|| || || ||
4- Flexion / Withdrawal to painful stimuli
|| || || || || ||
3- Abnormal flexion to painful stimuli (decorticate response)
|| || || || || || ||
2- Extension to painful stimuli (decerebrate response)
|| || || || || ||
, 2
1- unresponsive
||
Decorticate response - ✔✔with elbows, wrists and fingers flexed, and legs extended and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
rotated inward ||
Decerebrate response - ✔✔the head is arched back, the arms are extended by the sides, and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the legs are extended
|| || ||
A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which type of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
shock would this condition cause? - ✔✔Obstructive
|| || || || || ||
Your patient is involved in a MVA. MVA stands for? - ✔✔Motor Vehicle Accident
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
You are caring for a very sick patient who is complaining of chest pain. You have him in
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
your cardiac monitor showing AF. Suddenly the patient goes into VF, so you attach your
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
AED and shock him. What is AF, VF, and AED - ✔✔AF - Atrial fibrillation
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
VF - Ventricle fibrillation
|| || ||
AED - Automated External Defibrilator
|| || || ||
When carrying a patient up or down stairs, you should avoid? - ✔✔Using a wheeled
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
stretcher whenever possible || ||
The minimum number of rescuers to lift a patient who weighs 250 lbs or more? - ✔✔4
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
To avoid injury when pushing a patient or object, you should? - ✔✔Avoid pushing with
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
your elbows fully extended.
|| || ||
