Medical-Surgical Nursing MCQ Study Guide & Practice Test Bank (High-Yield Review)

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
(Vol.1 & Vol.2)
22nd Edition
• Author(s)Joseph Loscalzo; Anthony S.
Fauci; Dennis L. Kasper; Stephen Hauser;
Dan Longo; J. Larry Jameson
Test Bank




Covered

PART 1: Foundations of Clinical Medicine

PART 2: Cardinal Symptoms & Clinical Presentations

PART 3: Clinical Pharmacology

PART 4: Oncology & Hematology

PART 5: Infectious Diseases

PART 6: Cardiovascular Disorders

PART 7: Respiratory Disorders

PART 8: Critical Care Medicine

PART 9: Kidney & Urinary Tract Disorders

PART 10: Gastrointestinal & Hepatobiliary Disorders

,PART 11: Immune-Mediated & Rheumatologic Disorders

PART 12: Endocrinology & Metabolism

PART 13: Neurologic & Psychiatric Disorders

PART 14: Toxicology & Environmental Injury

PART 15: Environmental & Occupational Medicine

PART 16: Genetics, Precision & Systems Medicine

PART 17–20: Special & Emerging Topics




1. A 68-year-old patient is admitted with several chronic
conditions and asks the nurse how their care team will
coordinate treatments to address multiple illnesses. Which
statement best reflects the core principle of modern
“practice of medicine” emphasized for patient-centered
care?
A. Treat each disease independently using disease-specific
guidelines.
B. Prioritize interventions that are most likely to improve
the patient’s overall function and goals.
C. Defer coordination until all diagnostic tests are
completed.
D. Use only the specialist’s recommendations for decision-
making.
Answer: B
Rationale: Contemporary practice emphasizes patient-centered,
goal-oriented care and prioritizing interventions that improve
overall function and quality of life rather than following siloed

,disease-specific plans. Nursing implication: assess patient goals
and communicate priorities to the team.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
The Practice of Medicine


2. A nurse is teaching a community group about primary
prevention. Which example best illustrates primordial
prevention as described in public-health–oriented
practice?
A. Administering influenza vaccine to elderly adults.
B. Counseling communities to reduce exposure to tobacco
marketing.
C. Screening adults for hypertension.
D. Starting statin therapy for high LDL.
Answer: B
Rationale: Primordial prevention targets underlying
social/environmental determinants and behaviors (e.g.,
reducing tobacco promotion) before risk factors develop.
Nursing implication: education and advocacy at
community/population level.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
Promoting Good Health


3. A parent expresses vaccine hesitancy based on safety
concerns. Which nursing response follows best-practice

, communication strategies to address hesitancy?
A. Dismiss concerns and insist vaccination is mandatory.
B. Provide empathetic listening, acknowledge concerns,
and offer clear evidence-based information.
C. Delay discussion until the child’s next visit.
D. Recommend alternative schedules without explanation.
Answer: B
Rationale: Effective communication for vaccine hesitancy uses
empathy, addresses specific concerns, and provides clear
evidence-based information to support informed decision-
making. Nursing implication: use motivational interviewing
techniques.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
Vaccine Opposition and Hesitancy


4. During a complex diagnostic case, the clinical team must
choose between two reasonable management options
with uncertain benefit. Which decision-making approach is
most appropriate?
A. Choose the most aggressive option to avoid missing a
treatable disease.
B. Apply shared decision-making, incorporating patient
values and risks/benefits.
C. Defer decision to the most senior physician without
patient input.
D. Always choose the less costly option.