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Flawed source: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2021.116
Major Depressive Disorder
• Persistent low mood, loss of interest, and feelings of hopelessness
• Fatigue, sleep disturbances, and changes in appetite are some of the symptoms of the disease.
• Cognitive difficulties such as poor concentration
Mind–Body Connection
• Chemical imbalances in the brain and changes in the neural connections (prefrontal cortex and
limbic system) affect mood and stress regulation (Cano et al., 2023).
• Hormonal changes are among the physical changes that affect mental health.
Research Findings
• According to the study conducted in The Journal of Affective Disorders, ECT is effective in the
reduction of depressive symptoms in patients who have not responded to other treatments
(Laszcz et al., 2025).
• The findings are applicable to the adult population with severe depression.