NR283 EXAM STUDY GUIDE.
GRADED A+. QUESTIONS AND
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS.
LATEST 2026 UPDATE
what are the 7 steps of inflammation? - Ans✔✔-- injury
- vasoconstriction
- dead cells release cell components
- mast cell degranulation (when a mast cell releases its chemical mediators)
- vasodilation, increased capillary permeability
- WBC infiltrate
- phagocytosis
what is inflammation? - Ans✔✔-the body's non-specific response to tissue
injury
what is the purpose of inflammation? - Ans✔✔-- phagocytosis of foreign
materials
- defense
- cleanup
,- triggered WITH the specific immune response
s/s of local inflammation - Ans✔✔-- redness and heat (vasodilation)
- edema and pain (increased fluid/exudate)
s/s of systemic inflammation - Ans✔✔-- fever (caused by hypothalamus)
- leukocytosis (increased WBC count)x
Bradykinin function - Ans✔✔-- PAIN
- vasodilation (allows WBC to go to injury site)
prostaglandin function - Ans✔✔-- FEVER
- helps with producing pain
chemotatic factors function - Ans✔✔-- GPS pin that tells WBC where the injury
site is
Histamine function - Ans✔✔-- vasodilation
- increased capillary permeability
- FIRST and BEST
leukotrines function - Ans✔✔-- vasodilation
- increased capillary permeability
- 2nd backup
, neutrophils - Ans✔✔-- first responder
- most prevalent
macrophages - Ans✔✔-- mature at the site if infection
- primary phagocytes
mast cells - Ans✔✔-- holds chemicals
- degranulation to release chemicals
platelets - Ans✔✔-- stops bleeding
- isolate infection (sticks around infection site to contain it)
clotting cascade - Ans✔✔-- fibrin strands (platelets and fibrin needed for clots)
- plasma proteins made by the liver are used in this process
Kinin system cascade - Ans✔✔-- uses bradykinin
- initiates pain
complement system cascade - Ans✔✔-- uses C1-C9 proteins
- fights bacteria (punches holes in cell wall)
characteristics of chronic inflammation - Ans✔✔-- BAD: inflammatory
chemicals cause damage after too long
- decreased swelling occurs- capillary bed blocked
- increased leukocytes and fibroblasts (scar tissue)
GRADED A+. QUESTIONS AND
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS.
LATEST 2026 UPDATE
what are the 7 steps of inflammation? - Ans✔✔-- injury
- vasoconstriction
- dead cells release cell components
- mast cell degranulation (when a mast cell releases its chemical mediators)
- vasodilation, increased capillary permeability
- WBC infiltrate
- phagocytosis
what is inflammation? - Ans✔✔-the body's non-specific response to tissue
injury
what is the purpose of inflammation? - Ans✔✔-- phagocytosis of foreign
materials
- defense
- cleanup
,- triggered WITH the specific immune response
s/s of local inflammation - Ans✔✔-- redness and heat (vasodilation)
- edema and pain (increased fluid/exudate)
s/s of systemic inflammation - Ans✔✔-- fever (caused by hypothalamus)
- leukocytosis (increased WBC count)x
Bradykinin function - Ans✔✔-- PAIN
- vasodilation (allows WBC to go to injury site)
prostaglandin function - Ans✔✔-- FEVER
- helps with producing pain
chemotatic factors function - Ans✔✔-- GPS pin that tells WBC where the injury
site is
Histamine function - Ans✔✔-- vasodilation
- increased capillary permeability
- FIRST and BEST
leukotrines function - Ans✔✔-- vasodilation
- increased capillary permeability
- 2nd backup
, neutrophils - Ans✔✔-- first responder
- most prevalent
macrophages - Ans✔✔-- mature at the site if infection
- primary phagocytes
mast cells - Ans✔✔-- holds chemicals
- degranulation to release chemicals
platelets - Ans✔✔-- stops bleeding
- isolate infection (sticks around infection site to contain it)
clotting cascade - Ans✔✔-- fibrin strands (platelets and fibrin needed for clots)
- plasma proteins made by the liver are used in this process
Kinin system cascade - Ans✔✔-- uses bradykinin
- initiates pain
complement system cascade - Ans✔✔-- uses C1-C9 proteins
- fights bacteria (punches holes in cell wall)
characteristics of chronic inflammation - Ans✔✔-- BAD: inflammatory
chemicals cause damage after too long
- decreased swelling occurs- capillary bed blocked
- increased leukocytes and fibroblasts (scar tissue)
