NR511 Final Exam Study Guide
Questions And Answers
A 28-year-old woman presents with 6 months of abdominal cramping relieved by
defecation, alternating constipation and diarrhea, and a normal colonoscopy.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
Irritable bowel syndrome
A 32-year-old male has chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and anemia. Colonoscopy
reveals "skip lesions" and cobblestoning. What is the diagnosis?
Crohn's disease
A patient is diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Which finding best supports this
diagnosis?
Continuous inflammation beginning at the rectum
Which condition is potentially cured by colectomy?
Ulcerative colitis
A 24-year-old presents with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Imaging shows
transmural inflammation and fistulas. What is the likely condition?
Crohn's disease
A patient has MCV 72, hypochromic RBCs, and low ferritin. What is the
diagnosis?
Iron deficiency anemia
A patient with Crohn's disease presents with MCV 110 and glossitis. What is the
most likely anemia?
Vitamin B12 deficiency
A 71-year-old patient presents with chronic kidney disease and normocytic
normochromic anemia. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Anemia of chronic disease
, A patient with G6PD deficiency takes trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. They
develop jaundice and dark urine. What anemia pattern is expected?
Hemolytic anemia
A patient presents with numbness over the medial ankle and decreased patellar
reflex. What nerve root is affected?
L4
A patient with low back pain reports numbness over the dorsal foot and
weakness in big toe extension. Which nerve root is compressed?
L5
Which exam finding is MOST suggestive of L5 radiculopathy?
Weakness of great toe dorsiflexion
Which medication is an aminoglycoside?
Gentamicin
Which medication is classified as a macrolide?
Azithromycin
Which medication is a fluoroquinolone?
Ciprofloxacin
Which antibiotic works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis?
Penicillin
A patient allergic to penicillin needs treatment for otitis media. Which alternative
works on the 50S ribosomal subunit?
Azithromycin
A patient with pyelonephritis has a severe sulfa allergy. Which alternative
antibiotic is appropriate?
Ciprofloxacin
Which class of antibiotics can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity?
Questions And Answers
A 28-year-old woman presents with 6 months of abdominal cramping relieved by
defecation, alternating constipation and diarrhea, and a normal colonoscopy.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
Irritable bowel syndrome
A 32-year-old male has chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and anemia. Colonoscopy
reveals "skip lesions" and cobblestoning. What is the diagnosis?
Crohn's disease
A patient is diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Which finding best supports this
diagnosis?
Continuous inflammation beginning at the rectum
Which condition is potentially cured by colectomy?
Ulcerative colitis
A 24-year-old presents with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Imaging shows
transmural inflammation and fistulas. What is the likely condition?
Crohn's disease
A patient has MCV 72, hypochromic RBCs, and low ferritin. What is the
diagnosis?
Iron deficiency anemia
A patient with Crohn's disease presents with MCV 110 and glossitis. What is the
most likely anemia?
Vitamin B12 deficiency
A 71-year-old patient presents with chronic kidney disease and normocytic
normochromic anemia. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Anemia of chronic disease
, A patient with G6PD deficiency takes trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. They
develop jaundice and dark urine. What anemia pattern is expected?
Hemolytic anemia
A patient presents with numbness over the medial ankle and decreased patellar
reflex. What nerve root is affected?
L4
A patient with low back pain reports numbness over the dorsal foot and
weakness in big toe extension. Which nerve root is compressed?
L5
Which exam finding is MOST suggestive of L5 radiculopathy?
Weakness of great toe dorsiflexion
Which medication is an aminoglycoside?
Gentamicin
Which medication is classified as a macrolide?
Azithromycin
Which medication is a fluoroquinolone?
Ciprofloxacin
Which antibiotic works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis?
Penicillin
A patient allergic to penicillin needs treatment for otitis media. Which alternative
works on the 50S ribosomal subunit?
Azithromycin
A patient with pyelonephritis has a severe sulfa allergy. Which alternative
antibiotic is appropriate?
Ciprofloxacin
Which class of antibiotics can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity?
