Test Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology 7th
Edition by Huether, McCance, and Brashers
,Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A learner is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
with histones. Which of these would also be observed by the learner?
a. A single circular chromosome
b. A nucleus
c. Free-floating nuclear material
d. No organelles
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome known as a
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
SOURCE- p. 2
2. A nursing practitioner is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular
function is the nursing practitioner describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses
it to transform nutrients to energy?
a. Metabolic absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
RIGHT
CHOICE
✔✔ D
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability
involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
SOURCE- p. 2
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the
cell.
SOURCE- p. 2
,4. Which of these can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the layer
itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the
surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein
marks cells and does not float.
SOURCE- p. 7
5. Which of these can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
SOURCE- p. 9
6. A nursing practitioner is reviewing a report from a hospital patient with metastatic cancer.
What alternation in the extracelU
lularSmaN would s uNp p oRr t t hIe dG
trix T iagnBo.
siC
s ofM
metastatic
cancer?
a. Decreased fibronectin
b. Increased collagen
c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
them to travel or metastasize.
SOURCE- p. 10
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Cell junction
b. Gap junction
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
SOURCE- p. 11
, 8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring
alpha cells. This action is an example of which of these signaling types?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up,
destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of
glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is associated with a local chemical
mediator like insulin.
SOURCE- p. 12
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance converted to a product of
the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an attraction between an enzyme and
any of the remaining options.
SOURCE-
p. 16 GOLDEN TESTS
10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract. The
athlete asks the nursing practitioner why this happened. The nursing practitioner’s response is
based on the knowledge that the problem is result of a deficiency of:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ C
When ATP is deficient, impaired muscle contraction results. None of the other options are
involved in muscle contraction.
SOURCE- p. 16
11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric acid cycle
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ D
While some ATP is produced during the oxidation and glycolysis phases, most of the ATP is
generated during the citric acid cycle. Digestion does not produce any ATP.
Edition by Huether, McCance, and Brashers
,Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A learner is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
with histones. Which of these would also be observed by the learner?
a. A single circular chromosome
b. A nucleus
c. Free-floating nuclear material
d. No organelles
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome known as a
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
SOURCE- p. 2
2. A nursing practitioner is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular
function is the nursing practitioner describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses
it to transform nutrients to energy?
a. Metabolic absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
RIGHT
CHOICE
✔✔ D
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability
involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
SOURCE- p. 2
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the
cell.
SOURCE- p. 2
,4. Which of these can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the layer
itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the
surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein
marks cells and does not float.
SOURCE- p. 7
5. Which of these can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
SOURCE- p. 9
6. A nursing practitioner is reviewing a report from a hospital patient with metastatic cancer.
What alternation in the extracelU
lularSmaN would s uNp p oRr t t hIe dG
trix T iagnBo.
siC
s ofM
metastatic
cancer?
a. Decreased fibronectin
b. Increased collagen
c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
them to travel or metastasize.
SOURCE- p. 10
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Cell junction
b. Gap junction
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
SOURCE- p. 11
, 8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring
alpha cells. This action is an example of which of these signaling types?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up,
destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of
glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is associated with a local chemical
mediator like insulin.
SOURCE- p. 12
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance converted to a product of
the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an attraction between an enzyme and
any of the remaining options.
SOURCE-
p. 16 GOLDEN TESTS
10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract. The
athlete asks the nursing practitioner why this happened. The nursing practitioner’s response is
based on the knowledge that the problem is result of a deficiency of:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ C
When ATP is deficient, impaired muscle contraction results. None of the other options are
involved in muscle contraction.
SOURCE- p. 16
11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric acid cycle
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ D
While some ATP is produced during the oxidation and glycolysis phases, most of the ATP is
generated during the citric acid cycle. Digestion does not produce any ATP.
