Meiosis
7 th January 2026
Starter
1. A mutation is a random change in a sequence of DNA
2. Addition mutation
3. A sequence of three bases on mRNA that code for a specific anime acid
4. The genetic code is degenerate so the base that changed can still code for the
same amino acid
5. mRNA has introns removed during splicing
6. tRNA is cloveR shaped and short, mRNA is long and linear, mRNA contains
codons while tRNA has anticodons, mRNA carries genetic code from the DNA to
the ribosome while tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome
7. DNA has deoxyribose sugar RNA has ribose sugar, RNA has uracil instead of
thymije and DNA has thymine
8. High specific heat capacity,
Meiosis
Creating Gametes
Gametes produced in meiosis join at fertilisation to produce a zygote with a full set of
chromosomes.
Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation in a population
Gametes a sex cells, they are egg and sperm cells in almost all animals.
Homologous chromosomes
A pair of chromosomes is a pair consisting of one maternal and paternal
chromosomes.
The chromosomes contain different alleles. There are 23 homologous pairs. A fixed
point of a chromosome is called a locus
- Homologous chromosomes pair up at equator
- Independent segregation of homologous chromosomes
- Maternal and paternal chromosomes are re-shuffled in any combination
- Crossing over is when non-sister chromatids exchange alleles
- Both create a new combination of alleles
7 th January 2026
Starter
1. A mutation is a random change in a sequence of DNA
2. Addition mutation
3. A sequence of three bases on mRNA that code for a specific anime acid
4. The genetic code is degenerate so the base that changed can still code for the
same amino acid
5. mRNA has introns removed during splicing
6. tRNA is cloveR shaped and short, mRNA is long and linear, mRNA contains
codons while tRNA has anticodons, mRNA carries genetic code from the DNA to
the ribosome while tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome
7. DNA has deoxyribose sugar RNA has ribose sugar, RNA has uracil instead of
thymije and DNA has thymine
8. High specific heat capacity,
Meiosis
Creating Gametes
Gametes produced in meiosis join at fertilisation to produce a zygote with a full set of
chromosomes.
Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation in a population
Gametes a sex cells, they are egg and sperm cells in almost all animals.
Homologous chromosomes
A pair of chromosomes is a pair consisting of one maternal and paternal
chromosomes.
The chromosomes contain different alleles. There are 23 homologous pairs. A fixed
point of a chromosome is called a locus
- Homologous chromosomes pair up at equator
- Independent segregation of homologous chromosomes
- Maternal and paternal chromosomes are re-shuffled in any combination
- Crossing over is when non-sister chromatids exchange alleles
- Both create a new combination of alleles
