NUR 445 EXAM 4 MED SURG LATEST
EXAM 120 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ 2026-
2027.
For a hypothermic drowning victim, active rewarming involves administering
- ANSWER-warmed IV fluids and using external warming blankets to gradually
raise the body's core temperature.
The priority for a drowning victim in respiratory failure is to - ANSWER-restore
oxygenation and ventilation. Administering oxygen via a nonrebreather mask
provides the client with 100% oxygen, ensuring that oxygenation is
maintained to support vital functions.
Sedation in clients recovering from severe respiratory events like near-
drowning helps to reduce - ANSWER-metabolic demand and oxygen
,consumption, allowing the lungs to rest and recover. This is a supportive
measure, not merely for restraint or delay in care.
Near-drowning clients are at risk for delayed complications, such as
pulmonary edema, respiratory distress, or - ANSWER-secondary drowning,
which can occur hours after the event, even if the client initially appears
stable. Continuous monitoring is essential to detect and treat these
complications promptly.
Superficial burns- Minimal damage to the epidermis, - ANSWER-Dry, no
blisters; pink or red; blanches easily, Hypersensitive. 3-7 days with no
scarring
Superficial partial-thickness burns- Entire epidermis and minimal damage to
the dermis, - ANSWER-Blisters that may be closed or open and weeping; pink
,or red; mild edema; blanches easily, Hypersensitive. 7-14 days with no
scarring
Deep partial-thickness burns- Entire epidermis and deeper layers of the
dermis, - ANSWER-Blisters that may be closed or open; waxy appearance;
cherry red, mottled, or pale in the center; edema; sluggish or no blanching,
Hypersensitive around the wound edges but may be sensitive to pressure only
in the center. Healing may take 3-6 weeks and may leave some scarring, or the
wound may have to be surgically excised and grafted.
Full-thickness burns - Destruction of entire epidermis and dermis; may
involve subcutaneous fat, muscle, and/or bone, - ANSWER-Dry, leathery; pale,
white, brown, tan, black, charred; no blanching; may be contracted if muscle
involvement, No pain in the center of the wound but may be sensitive to
pressure. Will not heal without surgical excision and grafting
, Fluid and Electrolyte Changes in the Emergent Phase - ANSWER-Generalized
dehydration, Reduction in blood volume, Decreased urinary output,
Hyperkalemia, Hyponatremia, Metabolic acidosis, Elevated hematocrit
Fluid shift or capillary leak syndrome is a continuous leak of plasma from the
vascular space into the interstitial space. This is - ANSWER-third spacing.
Because of third spacing, Excess weight gain occurs in the first 12 hours after
a burn and can continue for 24-36 hours.
In burn clients, especially those involved in explosions or fires, inhalation
injuries are a significant concern. The airway must be - ANSWER-assessed first
to ensure it is patent, and high-flow oxygen is administered to increase oxygen
saturation and prevent hypoxia.
EXAM 120 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ 2026-
2027.
For a hypothermic drowning victim, active rewarming involves administering
- ANSWER-warmed IV fluids and using external warming blankets to gradually
raise the body's core temperature.
The priority for a drowning victim in respiratory failure is to - ANSWER-restore
oxygenation and ventilation. Administering oxygen via a nonrebreather mask
provides the client with 100% oxygen, ensuring that oxygenation is
maintained to support vital functions.
Sedation in clients recovering from severe respiratory events like near-
drowning helps to reduce - ANSWER-metabolic demand and oxygen
,consumption, allowing the lungs to rest and recover. This is a supportive
measure, not merely for restraint or delay in care.
Near-drowning clients are at risk for delayed complications, such as
pulmonary edema, respiratory distress, or - ANSWER-secondary drowning,
which can occur hours after the event, even if the client initially appears
stable. Continuous monitoring is essential to detect and treat these
complications promptly.
Superficial burns- Minimal damage to the epidermis, - ANSWER-Dry, no
blisters; pink or red; blanches easily, Hypersensitive. 3-7 days with no
scarring
Superficial partial-thickness burns- Entire epidermis and minimal damage to
the dermis, - ANSWER-Blisters that may be closed or open and weeping; pink
,or red; mild edema; blanches easily, Hypersensitive. 7-14 days with no
scarring
Deep partial-thickness burns- Entire epidermis and deeper layers of the
dermis, - ANSWER-Blisters that may be closed or open; waxy appearance;
cherry red, mottled, or pale in the center; edema; sluggish or no blanching,
Hypersensitive around the wound edges but may be sensitive to pressure only
in the center. Healing may take 3-6 weeks and may leave some scarring, or the
wound may have to be surgically excised and grafted.
Full-thickness burns - Destruction of entire epidermis and dermis; may
involve subcutaneous fat, muscle, and/or bone, - ANSWER-Dry, leathery; pale,
white, brown, tan, black, charred; no blanching; may be contracted if muscle
involvement, No pain in the center of the wound but may be sensitive to
pressure. Will not heal without surgical excision and grafting
, Fluid and Electrolyte Changes in the Emergent Phase - ANSWER-Generalized
dehydration, Reduction in blood volume, Decreased urinary output,
Hyperkalemia, Hyponatremia, Metabolic acidosis, Elevated hematocrit
Fluid shift or capillary leak syndrome is a continuous leak of plasma from the
vascular space into the interstitial space. This is - ANSWER-third spacing.
Because of third spacing, Excess weight gain occurs in the first 12 hours after
a burn and can continue for 24-36 hours.
In burn clients, especially those involved in explosions or fires, inhalation
injuries are a significant concern. The airway must be - ANSWER-assessed first
to ensure it is patent, and high-flow oxygen is administered to increase oxygen
saturation and prevent hypoxia.
