APHY 102 MIDTERM EXAM 2026/2027
WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
|CURRENTLY TESTING QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|ALREADY GRADED
A+|NEWEST |JUST
RELEASED!!|GUARANTEED PASS
Describe an EKG
A recordable tracing of the electrical activity of the heart that the production and conduction of
action potentials in the heart produces.
What is occurring within the heart during each part of the EKG?
At the P wave of the EKG, the atria are depolarizing.
At the QRS complex, the ventricles are depolarizing and the atria are repolarizing.
At the T wave, the ventricles are repolarizing and there is a brief refractory period between the
T wave and the following P wave, which allows the heart a small rest.
Describe what is happening in the heart during atrial systole/ventricular diastole and atrial
diastole/ventricular systole
Atrial systole/ventricular diastole - atria are contracting and ventricles are relaxed
Atrial diastole/ventricular systole - atria are relaxed and ventricles are contracting
How are the heart sounds made?
The first heart sound "lubb" occurs during ventricular systole as a result of the A-V valves
closing.
The second heart sound "dupp" occurs during ventricular diastole as a result of the pulmonary
and aortic semilunar valves closing.
1|Page
,What terms are used to describe abnormal heart rhythms?
Arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, bradycardia, tachycardia, defibrillation, cardiac arrest,
palpitations, Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), Ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular
fibrillation.
pulmonary circulation
Circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs, oxygenating blood and removing carbon
dioxide
coronary circulation
circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the
heart muscle tissue
systemic circulation
flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues
What factors can influence heart rate and/or blood pressure?
Cardiac output, blood volume, peripheral resistance, and blood viscosity.
As blood volume, heart rate, stroke volume, blood viscosity, and peripheral resistance increase,
BP increases.
How is cardiac output figured?
Stroke volume multiplied by the heart rate, expressed in bpm. (For example, if the stroke
volume is 70 mL, and the heart rate is 72 bpm, the cardiac output is 5,040 mL per minute.
Where can pulse be found in the body?
The temple (temporal a.), neck (carotid a.), chin (facial a.), inner elbow (brachial a.), wrist (radial
a.), groin (femoral a.), back of the knee (popliteal a.), front of the foot (dorsalis pedis a.), back of
the ankle (posterior tibial a.)
At any given moment, where can blood be found in the body?
2|Page
, Veins
major arteries of the body
temporal, carotid, brachial, ulnar, radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial
major veins of the body
Superior and inferior vena cava, right and left external and internal jugular and subclavian v,
right and left brachiocephalic v, hepatic v, splenic v, right and left common iliac v, external and
internal iliac v, femoral v, great saphenous v, small saphenous v
What is arteriosclerosis?
the thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries
How does aging affect the cardiovascular system?
Cholesterol deposition happens in the blood vessels, the heart enlarges, cardiac muscle cells
die, there is an increase in fibrous connective tissue, adipose tissue and blood pressure and a
decrease in resting heart rate.
What is the function of lymph?
To absorb dietary fats, deliver fats and excess fluids to the bloodstream, collect excess
interstitial fluids, and deliver foreign particles to the lymph nodes.
Describe a lymphatic vessel
Fine, thin-walled, transparent valved channels distributed through most tissues. They have 3
walls: intima, media, and adventitia.
Describe the pathway of lymph
Lymphatic capillaries
Lymphatic vessels
Afferent lymphatic vessel
Lymph nodes
3|Page
WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
|CURRENTLY TESTING QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|ALREADY GRADED
A+|NEWEST |JUST
RELEASED!!|GUARANTEED PASS
Describe an EKG
A recordable tracing of the electrical activity of the heart that the production and conduction of
action potentials in the heart produces.
What is occurring within the heart during each part of the EKG?
At the P wave of the EKG, the atria are depolarizing.
At the QRS complex, the ventricles are depolarizing and the atria are repolarizing.
At the T wave, the ventricles are repolarizing and there is a brief refractory period between the
T wave and the following P wave, which allows the heart a small rest.
Describe what is happening in the heart during atrial systole/ventricular diastole and atrial
diastole/ventricular systole
Atrial systole/ventricular diastole - atria are contracting and ventricles are relaxed
Atrial diastole/ventricular systole - atria are relaxed and ventricles are contracting
How are the heart sounds made?
The first heart sound "lubb" occurs during ventricular systole as a result of the A-V valves
closing.
The second heart sound "dupp" occurs during ventricular diastole as a result of the pulmonary
and aortic semilunar valves closing.
1|Page
,What terms are used to describe abnormal heart rhythms?
Arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, bradycardia, tachycardia, defibrillation, cardiac arrest,
palpitations, Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), Ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular
fibrillation.
pulmonary circulation
Circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs, oxygenating blood and removing carbon
dioxide
coronary circulation
circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the
heart muscle tissue
systemic circulation
flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues
What factors can influence heart rate and/or blood pressure?
Cardiac output, blood volume, peripheral resistance, and blood viscosity.
As blood volume, heart rate, stroke volume, blood viscosity, and peripheral resistance increase,
BP increases.
How is cardiac output figured?
Stroke volume multiplied by the heart rate, expressed in bpm. (For example, if the stroke
volume is 70 mL, and the heart rate is 72 bpm, the cardiac output is 5,040 mL per minute.
Where can pulse be found in the body?
The temple (temporal a.), neck (carotid a.), chin (facial a.), inner elbow (brachial a.), wrist (radial
a.), groin (femoral a.), back of the knee (popliteal a.), front of the foot (dorsalis pedis a.), back of
the ankle (posterior tibial a.)
At any given moment, where can blood be found in the body?
2|Page
, Veins
major arteries of the body
temporal, carotid, brachial, ulnar, radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial
major veins of the body
Superior and inferior vena cava, right and left external and internal jugular and subclavian v,
right and left brachiocephalic v, hepatic v, splenic v, right and left common iliac v, external and
internal iliac v, femoral v, great saphenous v, small saphenous v
What is arteriosclerosis?
the thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries
How does aging affect the cardiovascular system?
Cholesterol deposition happens in the blood vessels, the heart enlarges, cardiac muscle cells
die, there is an increase in fibrous connective tissue, adipose tissue and blood pressure and a
decrease in resting heart rate.
What is the function of lymph?
To absorb dietary fats, deliver fats and excess fluids to the bloodstream, collect excess
interstitial fluids, and deliver foreign particles to the lymph nodes.
Describe a lymphatic vessel
Fine, thin-walled, transparent valved channels distributed through most tissues. They have 3
walls: intima, media, and adventitia.
Describe the pathway of lymph
Lymphatic capillaries
Lymphatic vessels
Afferent lymphatic vessel
Lymph nodes
3|Page
