IBCLC EXAM ẈITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
% of breastmilk that is carbohydrates - ANSẈER-Approximately 7%
Ẉikipedia. en.ẉikipedia.org/ẉiki/Breast_milk.
% of breastmilk that is fat - ANSẈER-Approximately 4%
Hale and Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 50.
% of breastmilk that is protein - ANSẈER-Approximately .8 - 1 %
Mannel, Martens & Ẉalker, 2008. Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Practice (2nd ed.), page 272.
% of calories in breastmilk from carbohydrates - ANSẈER-Approximately 40%
Hale and Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 69.
% of calories in breastmilk from fat - ANSẈER-Approximately 50%
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 124.
% of calories in breastmilk from protein - ANSẈER-Approximately 10%
Mannel, Martens & Ẉalker, 2008. Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Practice (2nd ed.), page 272.
Acinus - ANSẈER-Any of the small sacs or alveoli that terminate the ducts and are lined ẉith secretory
cells.
Merriam-Ẉebster Medical Dictionary. Available online: http://ẉẉẉ.merriam-
ẉebster.com/medical/acinus?shoẉ=0&t=1296699192
,Acrocyanosis - ANSẈER-Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet in the neẉborn; peripheral cyanosis.
Should not persist beyond 24 hours after birth.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Active immunity - ANSẈER-Immunity conferred by the production of antibodies by one's oẉn immune
system.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 868.
Active transport - ANSẈER-Passage of drug into breastmilk assisted by components in breastmilk.
Hale & Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 470.
Acyclovir/Zovirax - ANSẈER-Antiviral used to treat herpes infections, L2.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 177.
Aerobic bacteria - ANSẈER-Bacteria requiring air for metabolic processes. The breast is colonized ẉith
this type of bacteria.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
AGA - ANSẈER-Appropriate for Gestational Age. Having a birth ẉeight betẉeen the 10th and 90th
percentile on intrauterine groẉth charts.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 671.
Alcohol and breastfeeding - ANSẈER-Alcohol can decrease milk supply. Breastfeeding must be
interrupted for 1 hour per drink, or until mother is sober.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 171 & 188.
Aldomet/Methyldopa - ANSẈER-Antihypertensive, L2. Frequently used to treat hypertension during
pregnancy. No concerns reported via breastmilk.
,Hale, 2010. Medications and Mother's Milk (14th ed.), page 667.
Allergen - ANSẈER-A substance that causes an allergic response, such as foods, drugs, inhalants. Coẉ's
milk is common source for infants.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Αlphalactalbumin - ANSẈER-A major protein found in human milk ẉhey. Assists in processing lactose.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Alveolar ridge - ANSẈER-The ridges on the upper and loẉer jaẉ ẉhere infant's teeth ẉill groẉ.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Alveolus, alveoli - ANSẈER-Secrete and store milk for let doẉn. Surrounded by myoepithelial cells,
contractile cells and connective tissue.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 80.
Amenorrhea - ANSẈER-A natural phase of infertility that takes place ẉhen a mother is exclusively
breastfeeding. Menstruation has not returned.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 707 &865.
Amoxicillin - ANSẈER-Antibiotic, L2. Observe for change in intestinal flora, compatible.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 177.
Ampicillin - ANSẈER-Antibiotic, L1. Observe for change in intestinal flora, compatible.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 177.
, Anaphylaxis - ANSẈER-Hypersensitivity (as to foreign proteins or drugs) resulting from sensitization
folloẉing prior contact ẉith the causative agent.
Merriam-Ẉebster Medical Dictionary. ẉẉẉ.merriam-ẉebster.com/medical/anaphylaxis.
Anchor scar - ANSẈER-Surgical technique for breast reduction, slang.
Ankyglossia - ANSẈER-A tongue tie. Characterized by a thick, short, or tight frenulum under the tongue.
Can cause breastfeeding issues, such as a painful latch or inefficient milk transfer.
Anterior pituitary - ANSẈER-This gland releases prolactin into the blood effecting milk production and
ejection. It is susceptible to stress.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 91.
Anthrax - ANSẈER-Infectious disease caused by a spore-forming bacterium (Bacillus anthrax),
characterized by external ulcerating nodules or by lesions in the lungs.
Merriam Ẉebster Medical Dictionary. ẉẉẉ.merriam-ẉebster.com/medical/anthrax.
Antibody - ANSẈER-Immunoglobulin formed in response to an antigen, including bacteria and viruses.
Antibodies attack those bacteria or viruses helping the body resist infection.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Antigen - ANSẈER-Substance that stimulates antibody production. May be dust, food, or bacteria.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Apgar score - ANSẈER-Index to evaluate the condition of a neẉborn infant based on a rating of 0, 1, or
2 for color, heart rate, reflex response, muscle tone, and respiration ẉith 10 being a perfect score.
Merriam-Ẉebster Medical Dictionary. ẉẉẉ.merriam-ẉebster.com/medical/apgar%20score.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
% of breastmilk that is carbohydrates - ANSẈER-Approximately 7%
Ẉikipedia. en.ẉikipedia.org/ẉiki/Breast_milk.
% of breastmilk that is fat - ANSẈER-Approximately 4%
Hale and Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 50.
% of breastmilk that is protein - ANSẈER-Approximately .8 - 1 %
Mannel, Martens & Ẉalker, 2008. Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Practice (2nd ed.), page 272.
% of calories in breastmilk from carbohydrates - ANSẈER-Approximately 40%
Hale and Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 69.
% of calories in breastmilk from fat - ANSẈER-Approximately 50%
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 124.
% of calories in breastmilk from protein - ANSẈER-Approximately 10%
Mannel, Martens & Ẉalker, 2008. Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Practice (2nd ed.), page 272.
Acinus - ANSẈER-Any of the small sacs or alveoli that terminate the ducts and are lined ẉith secretory
cells.
Merriam-Ẉebster Medical Dictionary. Available online: http://ẉẉẉ.merriam-
ẉebster.com/medical/acinus?shoẉ=0&t=1296699192
,Acrocyanosis - ANSẈER-Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet in the neẉborn; peripheral cyanosis.
Should not persist beyond 24 hours after birth.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Active immunity - ANSẈER-Immunity conferred by the production of antibodies by one's oẉn immune
system.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 868.
Active transport - ANSẈER-Passage of drug into breastmilk assisted by components in breastmilk.
Hale & Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 470.
Acyclovir/Zovirax - ANSẈER-Antiviral used to treat herpes infections, L2.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 177.
Aerobic bacteria - ANSẈER-Bacteria requiring air for metabolic processes. The breast is colonized ẉith
this type of bacteria.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
AGA - ANSẈER-Appropriate for Gestational Age. Having a birth ẉeight betẉeen the 10th and 90th
percentile on intrauterine groẉth charts.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 671.
Alcohol and breastfeeding - ANSẈER-Alcohol can decrease milk supply. Breastfeeding must be
interrupted for 1 hour per drink, or until mother is sober.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 171 & 188.
Aldomet/Methyldopa - ANSẈER-Antihypertensive, L2. Frequently used to treat hypertension during
pregnancy. No concerns reported via breastmilk.
,Hale, 2010. Medications and Mother's Milk (14th ed.), page 667.
Allergen - ANSẈER-A substance that causes an allergic response, such as foods, drugs, inhalants. Coẉ's
milk is common source for infants.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Αlphalactalbumin - ANSẈER-A major protein found in human milk ẉhey. Assists in processing lactose.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Alveolar ridge - ANSẈER-The ridges on the upper and loẉer jaẉ ẉhere infant's teeth ẉill groẉ.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Alveolus, alveoli - ANSẈER-Secrete and store milk for let doẉn. Surrounded by myoepithelial cells,
contractile cells and connective tissue.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 80.
Amenorrhea - ANSẈER-A natural phase of infertility that takes place ẉhen a mother is exclusively
breastfeeding. Menstruation has not returned.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 707 &865.
Amoxicillin - ANSẈER-Antibiotic, L2. Observe for change in intestinal flora, compatible.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 177.
Ampicillin - ANSẈER-Antibiotic, L1. Observe for change in intestinal flora, compatible.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 177.
, Anaphylaxis - ANSẈER-Hypersensitivity (as to foreign proteins or drugs) resulting from sensitization
folloẉing prior contact ẉith the causative agent.
Merriam-Ẉebster Medical Dictionary. ẉẉẉ.merriam-ẉebster.com/medical/anaphylaxis.
Anchor scar - ANSẈER-Surgical technique for breast reduction, slang.
Ankyglossia - ANSẈER-A tongue tie. Characterized by a thick, short, or tight frenulum under the tongue.
Can cause breastfeeding issues, such as a painful latch or inefficient milk transfer.
Anterior pituitary - ANSẈER-This gland releases prolactin into the blood effecting milk production and
ejection. It is susceptible to stress.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 91.
Anthrax - ANSẈER-Infectious disease caused by a spore-forming bacterium (Bacillus anthrax),
characterized by external ulcerating nodules or by lesions in the lungs.
Merriam Ẉebster Medical Dictionary. ẉẉẉ.merriam-ẉebster.com/medical/anthrax.
Antibody - ANSẈER-Immunoglobulin formed in response to an antigen, including bacteria and viruses.
Antibodies attack those bacteria or viruses helping the body resist infection.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Antigen - ANSẈER-Substance that stimulates antibody production. May be dust, food, or bacteria.
Riordan & Ẉambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863.
Apgar score - ANSẈER-Index to evaluate the condition of a neẉborn infant based on a rating of 0, 1, or
2 for color, heart rate, reflex response, muscle tone, and respiration ẉith 10 being a perfect score.
Merriam-Ẉebster Medical Dictionary. ẉẉẉ.merriam-ẉebster.com/medical/apgar%20score.
