2026 Questions and Correct Answers
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What can cause a failure to attain peak BMD? - CORRECT ANSWER-genetics
dietary calcium deficiency
lack of exercise
what is a morphometric spinal fracture? - CORRECT ANSWER-a fracture that
can be seen on a radiograph but has little to no symptoms
Define a clinical spine fracture - CORRECT ANSWER-a spinal fracture that
causes symptoms
What is the WHOs definition of established osteoporosis? - CORRECT
ANSWER-A BMD of 2.5SD or more below the average of a young adult and a
history of fracture
,what is a European Spine Phantom? - CORRECT ANSWER-anthropomorphic
phantom, the European Spine Phantom (ESP) contains a spine insert consisting of
three vertebrae of increasing bone mineral densities and thicknesses of cortical
structures
Name the bisphosphonate anti resorptive medications: - CORRECT ANSWER-
alendronate (fosamax)
risedronate (actonel)
ibandronate (boniva)
zoledronic acid (reclast
name the non bisphosphonate anti resorptive meds - CORRECT ANSWER-
estrogen therapy
raloxifene (evista
denosumabb (prolial)
name the anabolic osteoporosis meds - CORRECT ANSWER-teripartide (forteo)
should a T-score be used for comparison on children? - CORRECT ANSWER-A
T-Score should never be used before age 20When
,what are the preferred DXA sites for children 3yr old and up? - CORRECT
ANSWER-PA L-spine and total body minus the head
when is DXA recommened for children? (7) - CORRECT ANSWER-recurrent
fractures
bone pain
bone deformity
osteopenia seen on x-ray
cancer survivors
females with eating disorders/excessive exercise
females after 6+ months without menstrual cycle
for pediatric DXA a cancer survivor is recommended to have imaging done at what
point? - CORRECT ANSWER-either 2yr after chemo or by the age of 18 which
ever comes first
the risk of fracture ___ for each SD decline in BMD.
a. double
b. tripples
d. sees very little increase
, c. decreases - CORRECT ANSWER-doubles (approximatly)
what type of bone is measured in a total body scan? - CORRECT ANSWER-
cortical
why is the forearm typically not used to monitory osteoporosis therapy? -
CORRECT ANSWER-the rate of change is slower than the L-spine or hips
because it is primarily cortical bone
what special imaging should be done for some one with hyperparathyroidism? -
CORRECT ANSWER-33% forearm because hyperparathyroidism targets cortical
bone
the anticipated rate of change in the total hip ROI is ___ than the femoral neck
ROI
faster or slower - CORRECT ANSWER-slower
how many continuous vertebrae is preferred for PA spine DXA - CORRECT
ANSWER-3-4