GEOG150 Final Exam questions with answers

GEOG150 Final Exam questions with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




answers

Digital Earth - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔concept that is
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practically applied with a geographic information system
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(GIS)


geographic information system (GIS) - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔an organized collection of computer
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hardware, software and trained personnel designed to
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collect, store and transform spatially-referenced data for
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problem solving and decision making.
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- people, software, hardware, procedures
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Geography - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔art and science that
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attempts to study, explain and predict spatial
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distributions and variations of human activity and |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



physical events on or near the earth's surface → Where,
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when why questions
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Goal of GIS: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ENHANCE
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geographic data to make more meaningful to end users
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,EXTRACT quantitative information from maps, images and |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



tables
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TRANSFORMS data to information, knowledge, evidence |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



and wisdom |\




SOLVE PROBLEMS by using mapping, analysis and
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modelling tools |\




Organizing spatial data - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



✔✔Thematic (by real world categories) |\ |\ |\ |\




Temporal (by time) |\ |\




In a GIS, the data is arranged by: Layer based approach
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- One layer contains the same type of features
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- There is a geographical extent or boundary
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Spatially referenced data→ any data that has spatial info
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linked to it ex: latitude longitude
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Why is spatial location important? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Delivery of physical services such as postal, utility etc |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Delivery of abstract services such as credit cards, etc
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Delivery of management services such as land taxes|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




With an address you become part of modern society
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,→ A geospatial reference system identifies locations on
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earth's surface |\




→ There are 3 main categories of reference systems in
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GIS analysis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1.Census
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geography (postal codes) → global level |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




-> Geographic identifier reference system
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- Location specified by label or code
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2. Geocoding (postal address) → intermediate level
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- >Linear reference system
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- Location specified by reference to a segment of a linear
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geographic feature and distance from that segment to a
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point




3. Latitude, longitude (degrees, mins, secs) → local level
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-> Coordinate reference system
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- location is based on an assumed reference shape of the
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earth
- Location specified with respect to a datum
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, → A GIS has 3 perspective: can be viewed in 3 ways -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The database view: A GIS is a |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



unique kind of database of the world - a geographic
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database (geodatabase) |\




It is an information system for geography - >
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fundamentally a GIS is based on a structured database |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



that describes the world in geographic terms
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The map view: A GIS is a set of intelligent maps and other
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views that show features and feature relationships on the
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earth's surface
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Maps of the underlying geographic information can be
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constructed and used as "windows into the database" to |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



support queries, analysis, and editing of the information
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This is called geovisualization
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The model view: A GIS is a set of information
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transformation tools that derive new geographic datasets |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



from existing datasets
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These geoprocessing function take information from
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existing datasets, apply analytic functions and write
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results into new derived datasets |\ |\ |\ |\




Critiques of GIS - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Database |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



development can be expensive and time consuming |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




There is error integration and propagation when fusing
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multi source data |\ |\