AC- HPAT Algonquin College Test Prep
Biology
nucleic acids - CORRECT ANSWER-Nucleic acids are naturally occurring chemical
compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells. The two
main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid
(RNA).
Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER-An organelle containing digestive enzymes
Vacuole - CORRECT ANSWER-Cell organelle that stores materials such as water,
salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER-Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of
ATP (energy) production
Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER-a cellular particle made of RNA and protein that
serves as the site for protein synthesis in the cell.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER-An endomembrane system
where lipids are synthesized, calcium levels are regulated, and toxic substances are
broken down.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER-System of internal membranes
within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes.
functions in transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm
Golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWER-stack of membranes in the cell that modifies,
sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Hydroxyl - CORRECT ANSWER-the chemical group, ion, or radical OH that consists of
one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen and is neutral or negatively charged.
Carbonyl - CORRECT ANSWER-a functional group composed of a carbon atom
double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O.
amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER-building blocks of proteins
active transport - CORRECT ANSWER-movement of molecules across a cell
membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—
against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve
this movement.
Biology
nucleic acids - CORRECT ANSWER-Nucleic acids are naturally occurring chemical
compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells. The two
main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid
(RNA).
Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER-An organelle containing digestive enzymes
Vacuole - CORRECT ANSWER-Cell organelle that stores materials such as water,
salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER-Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of
ATP (energy) production
Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER-a cellular particle made of RNA and protein that
serves as the site for protein synthesis in the cell.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER-An endomembrane system
where lipids are synthesized, calcium levels are regulated, and toxic substances are
broken down.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER-System of internal membranes
within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes.
functions in transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm
Golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWER-stack of membranes in the cell that modifies,
sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Hydroxyl - CORRECT ANSWER-the chemical group, ion, or radical OH that consists of
one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen and is neutral or negatively charged.
Carbonyl - CORRECT ANSWER-a functional group composed of a carbon atom
double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O.
amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER-building blocks of proteins
active transport - CORRECT ANSWER-movement of molecules across a cell
membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—
against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve
this movement.
