NEX REVIEW - GENERAL BIOLOGY
EXAM QUESTIONS & VALID CORRECT
ANSWERS
Cell - CORRECT ANSWER Smallest unit of life. The basic unit of function and structure for all
living things.
Nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER Control center of the cell. Contains DNA. Contains genetic
information.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - CORRECT ANSWER A complex molecule containing the genetic
information that makes up the chromosomes.
Plasma (or cell) membrane - CORRECT ANSWER Acts as a barrier (semipermeable membrane)
between the inside and outside of the cell, materials enter or exit through it.
Interstitial Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER Liquid found between the cells of the body that provides
much of the liquid environment of the body. Contains acids, sugars, fatty acids, hormones,
neurotransmitters, and salts.
Selectively permeable (semipermeable) - CORRECT ANSWER A property of cell membranes that
allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot.
Cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER The fluid matrix found between the plasma membrane and the
nucleus that acts as scaffolding for the organelles.
Organelles - CORRECT ANSWER "Little organs," specialized units in the cell that perform certain
functions.
, Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP
(energy) production.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - CORRECT ANSWER A chemical the cell uses to store and transfer
energy within itself.
Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER Are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - CORRECT ANSWER Serves as a main transport within the cell and
is made up of many channels.
Rough ER serves to store and deliver proteins made by the attached ribosomes.
Smooth ER is free ribosomes and is found in a variety of cells, and has various functions
including storage of enzymes and minerals and the folding of proteins.
Golgi complex - CORRECT ANSWER Organelle that modifies, packages, and transports material
out of the cell.
Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER An organelle containing digestive enzymes.
Cell wall - CORRECT ANSWER A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides
support to the cell.
Chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWER Contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
Vacuoles - CORRECT ANSWER Compartments in the cytoplasms that act as places for secretion,
excretion, and storage.
EXAM QUESTIONS & VALID CORRECT
ANSWERS
Cell - CORRECT ANSWER Smallest unit of life. The basic unit of function and structure for all
living things.
Nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER Control center of the cell. Contains DNA. Contains genetic
information.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - CORRECT ANSWER A complex molecule containing the genetic
information that makes up the chromosomes.
Plasma (or cell) membrane - CORRECT ANSWER Acts as a barrier (semipermeable membrane)
between the inside and outside of the cell, materials enter or exit through it.
Interstitial Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER Liquid found between the cells of the body that provides
much of the liquid environment of the body. Contains acids, sugars, fatty acids, hormones,
neurotransmitters, and salts.
Selectively permeable (semipermeable) - CORRECT ANSWER A property of cell membranes that
allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot.
Cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER The fluid matrix found between the plasma membrane and the
nucleus that acts as scaffolding for the organelles.
Organelles - CORRECT ANSWER "Little organs," specialized units in the cell that perform certain
functions.
, Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP
(energy) production.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - CORRECT ANSWER A chemical the cell uses to store and transfer
energy within itself.
Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER Are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - CORRECT ANSWER Serves as a main transport within the cell and
is made up of many channels.
Rough ER serves to store and deliver proteins made by the attached ribosomes.
Smooth ER is free ribosomes and is found in a variety of cells, and has various functions
including storage of enzymes and minerals and the folding of proteins.
Golgi complex - CORRECT ANSWER Organelle that modifies, packages, and transports material
out of the cell.
Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER An organelle containing digestive enzymes.
Cell wall - CORRECT ANSWER A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides
support to the cell.
Chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWER Contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
Vacuoles - CORRECT ANSWER Compartments in the cytoplasms that act as places for secretion,
excretion, and storage.
