Biology 1010 Latest Exam 3 Questions
with Guaranteed Pass Solutions Rated
A+ 2025\2026 Edition.
place these levels of classification in order from least inclusive to most inclusive: class, domain,
family, genus, kingdom, order, phylum, species - Answer species, genus, family, order, class,
phylum, kingdom, domain
Which of the following is a true statement about Charles Darwin?
a. He was the first to discover that living things can change or evolve
b. He based his theory on the inheritance of acquired traits
c. He proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution
d. He was the first to realize that Earth is more than 6,000 years old. - Answer c. He proposed
natural selection as the mechanism of evolution.
How did the insights of Lyell and other geologists influence Darwin's thinking about evolution? -
Answer Lyell and other geologists presented evidence for the gradual change of geologic
features over millions of years. Darwin applied this idea to suggest that species evolve through
the slow accumulation of small changes over long periods of time.
In a population with two alleles for a particular genetic locus, B and b, the allele frequency of B
is 0.7. If this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of
heterozygotes? What is the frequency of homozygous dominants? What is the frequency of
homoaygous recessives? - Answer Bb: 0.42; BB: 0.49; bb: 0.09
Define fitness from an evolutionary perspective - Answer The fitness of an individual (or of a
particular genotype) is measured by the relative number of alleles that it contributes to the
gene pool of the next generation compared with the contribution of others. Thus, the number
of fertile offspring produced determines an individual's fitness.
Which of the following processes is the ultimate source of the genetic variation that serves as
raw material for evolution?
a. sexual reproduction
b. mutation
c. genetic drift
, b. genetic drift
c. unequal reproductive success
d. gene flow - Answer c. unequal reproductive success
Compare and contrast how the bottleneck effect and the founder effect can lead to genetic drift
- Answer Both effects result in populations small enough for significant sampling error in the
gene pool for the first few generations. A bottleneck event reduces the size of an existing
population in a given location. The founder effect occurs when a new, small population
colonized a new territory.
In a particular bird species, individuals with average-sized wings are more likely to survive
severe storms than other birds in the same population with longer or shorter wings. Of the
three general outcomes of natural selection (directional, disruptive, or stabilizing), this example
illustrates _____. - Answer stabilizing selection
Distinguish between microevolution, speciation and macroevolution - Answer Microevolution is
a change in the gene pool of a population, often associated with adaptation. Speciation is an
evolutionary process in which one species splits into two or more species. Macroevolution is
evolutionary change above the species level, for example, the origin of evolutionary novelty and
new taxonomic groups and the impact of mass extinctions on the diversity of life and its
subsequent recovery. Macroevolution is marked by major changes in the history of life, and
these changes are often noticeable enough to be evident in the fossil record.
identify each of the following reproductive barriers as prezygotic or postzygotic
a. one lilac species lives on acidic soil, another on basic soil.
b. Mallard and pintail ducks mate at different times of the year
c. two species of leopard frogs have different mating calls.
hybrid offspring of two species of jimsonweed always die before reproducing
e. pollen of one kind of pine tree cannot fertilize another kind - Answer prezygotic: a, b, c, e;
postzygotic: d
Why is a small, isolated population more likely to undergo speciation than a large one? - Answer
because a small gene pool is more likely to be changed substantially by genetic drift and natural
selection
Many species of plants and animals adapted to desert conditions probably did not arise there.
Their success in living in deserts could be due to _____, structures that originally had one use
with Guaranteed Pass Solutions Rated
A+ 2025\2026 Edition.
place these levels of classification in order from least inclusive to most inclusive: class, domain,
family, genus, kingdom, order, phylum, species - Answer species, genus, family, order, class,
phylum, kingdom, domain
Which of the following is a true statement about Charles Darwin?
a. He was the first to discover that living things can change or evolve
b. He based his theory on the inheritance of acquired traits
c. He proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution
d. He was the first to realize that Earth is more than 6,000 years old. - Answer c. He proposed
natural selection as the mechanism of evolution.
How did the insights of Lyell and other geologists influence Darwin's thinking about evolution? -
Answer Lyell and other geologists presented evidence for the gradual change of geologic
features over millions of years. Darwin applied this idea to suggest that species evolve through
the slow accumulation of small changes over long periods of time.
In a population with two alleles for a particular genetic locus, B and b, the allele frequency of B
is 0.7. If this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of
heterozygotes? What is the frequency of homozygous dominants? What is the frequency of
homoaygous recessives? - Answer Bb: 0.42; BB: 0.49; bb: 0.09
Define fitness from an evolutionary perspective - Answer The fitness of an individual (or of a
particular genotype) is measured by the relative number of alleles that it contributes to the
gene pool of the next generation compared with the contribution of others. Thus, the number
of fertile offspring produced determines an individual's fitness.
Which of the following processes is the ultimate source of the genetic variation that serves as
raw material for evolution?
a. sexual reproduction
b. mutation
c. genetic drift
, b. genetic drift
c. unequal reproductive success
d. gene flow - Answer c. unequal reproductive success
Compare and contrast how the bottleneck effect and the founder effect can lead to genetic drift
- Answer Both effects result in populations small enough for significant sampling error in the
gene pool for the first few generations. A bottleneck event reduces the size of an existing
population in a given location. The founder effect occurs when a new, small population
colonized a new territory.
In a particular bird species, individuals with average-sized wings are more likely to survive
severe storms than other birds in the same population with longer or shorter wings. Of the
three general outcomes of natural selection (directional, disruptive, or stabilizing), this example
illustrates _____. - Answer stabilizing selection
Distinguish between microevolution, speciation and macroevolution - Answer Microevolution is
a change in the gene pool of a population, often associated with adaptation. Speciation is an
evolutionary process in which one species splits into two or more species. Macroevolution is
evolutionary change above the species level, for example, the origin of evolutionary novelty and
new taxonomic groups and the impact of mass extinctions on the diversity of life and its
subsequent recovery. Macroevolution is marked by major changes in the history of life, and
these changes are often noticeable enough to be evident in the fossil record.
identify each of the following reproductive barriers as prezygotic or postzygotic
a. one lilac species lives on acidic soil, another on basic soil.
b. Mallard and pintail ducks mate at different times of the year
c. two species of leopard frogs have different mating calls.
hybrid offspring of two species of jimsonweed always die before reproducing
e. pollen of one kind of pine tree cannot fertilize another kind - Answer prezygotic: a, b, c, e;
postzygotic: d
Why is a small, isolated population more likely to undergo speciation than a large one? - Answer
because a small gene pool is more likely to be changed substantially by genetic drift and natural
selection
Many species of plants and animals adapted to desert conditions probably did not arise there.
Their success in living in deserts could be due to _____, structures that originally had one use
