CNS Anesthetics ELSEVIER UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
1. A patient about to un- Succinylcholine is contraindicated in patients with a personal or familial his-
dergo surgery states tory of malignant hyperthermia or conditions that can lead to hyperkalemia,
that a family member including denervation of skeletal muscles, upper motor neuron disease, or
has a history of dif- a personal history of major burns or multiple traumas.
ficulty with surgery.
Which subjective in-
formation about a
family member con-
traindicates the use of
succinylcholine in this
patient?
2. Which type of anes- In intrathecal anesthesia, the anesthetic agent is injected into the sub-
thetic agent is admin- arachnoid space. In epidural anesthesia, the anesthetic agent is injected
istered into the sub- via a small catheter into the epidural space without puncturing the dura. In
arachnoid space? infiltration, the anesthetic solution is injected into the tissue that surrounds
the operative site. In nerve block anesthesia, the anesthetic solution is
injected at the site where a nerve innervates a specific area such as a tissue.
3. A patient questions Epinephrine causes localized vasoconstriction, not only allowing for a blood-
the use of epineph- less field to suture but also delaying absorption of the lidocaine and thus
rine for repair of enhancing its numbing effect. It does not help the anesthetic effect wear
a laceration, stating, off more quickly. Epinephrine is used to prevent adverse effects, but more
"I thought that was specifically it helps to minimize toxicity caused by local anesthetics. Epineph-
the drug they use in rine is often coadministered with the local anesthetic to maintain localized
the emergency room drug activity, but it does not help with the systemic absorption of lidocaine
when patients have
cardiac arrest." Select
the nurse's best re-
sponse.
4.
, What are the clinical Infiltration is a local anesthetic technique that involves injecting small
applications of the in- amounts of anesthetic drug into the tissue that surrounds the operative site.
filtration method of Dental surgery and wound suturing are the common clinical applications
anesthesia? Select all of infiltration. Epidural anesthesia is a common method used for reducing
that apply. maternal discomfort during labor and delivery and pain after pelvic surgery.
Intrathecal anesthesia is a common method used for abdominal or limb
surgery. Nerve block anesthesia is a common method used for severe pain,
such as chronic orthopedic pain.
5. Which opioid anal- An adjunctive anesthetic is a drug that enhances the clinical therapy when
gesic is used to induce it is used simultaneously with another drug. Fentanyl is an opioid analgesic
anesthesia along with that is also used to induce anesthesia during general anesthesia. Propofol
a general anesthetic is a parenteral anesthetic, but not an opioid analgesic. Ketamine is a par-
drug? enteral anesthetic and an adjunct to inhalational anesthesia. Desflurane is
an inhalational anesthetic used to induce general anesthesia.
6. What is a notable Intrathecal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia are the two types of spinal
complication associ- or intraspinal anesthesia that are given locally, but they act centrally. Spinal
ated with the use of headache is a notable complication with spinal anesthesia because of injury
centrally acting local to the spinal layers or structures involved. Respiratory depression or arrest is
anesthesia? a complication of high doses of general parenteral or inhalational anesthet-
ics. Muscle fasciculations are muscle spasms that are a result of the damage
caused to the muscles by neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs), but they
are not a complication of local anesthetic drugs. Malignant hyperthermia
is an uncommon, potentially fatal, adverse metabolic reaction to general
anesthetics.
7. Which is a long-acting Pancuronium is a long-acting nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking
nondepolarizing neu- drug. Rocuronium, vecuronium, and cisatracurium are intermediate-acting
romuscular blocking nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs.
drug?
8.
Answers
1. A patient about to un- Succinylcholine is contraindicated in patients with a personal or familial his-
dergo surgery states tory of malignant hyperthermia or conditions that can lead to hyperkalemia,
that a family member including denervation of skeletal muscles, upper motor neuron disease, or
has a history of dif- a personal history of major burns or multiple traumas.
ficulty with surgery.
Which subjective in-
formation about a
family member con-
traindicates the use of
succinylcholine in this
patient?
2. Which type of anes- In intrathecal anesthesia, the anesthetic agent is injected into the sub-
thetic agent is admin- arachnoid space. In epidural anesthesia, the anesthetic agent is injected
istered into the sub- via a small catheter into the epidural space without puncturing the dura. In
arachnoid space? infiltration, the anesthetic solution is injected into the tissue that surrounds
the operative site. In nerve block anesthesia, the anesthetic solution is
injected at the site where a nerve innervates a specific area such as a tissue.
3. A patient questions Epinephrine causes localized vasoconstriction, not only allowing for a blood-
the use of epineph- less field to suture but also delaying absorption of the lidocaine and thus
rine for repair of enhancing its numbing effect. It does not help the anesthetic effect wear
a laceration, stating, off more quickly. Epinephrine is used to prevent adverse effects, but more
"I thought that was specifically it helps to minimize toxicity caused by local anesthetics. Epineph-
the drug they use in rine is often coadministered with the local anesthetic to maintain localized
the emergency room drug activity, but it does not help with the systemic absorption of lidocaine
when patients have
cardiac arrest." Select
the nurse's best re-
sponse.
4.
, What are the clinical Infiltration is a local anesthetic technique that involves injecting small
applications of the in- amounts of anesthetic drug into the tissue that surrounds the operative site.
filtration method of Dental surgery and wound suturing are the common clinical applications
anesthesia? Select all of infiltration. Epidural anesthesia is a common method used for reducing
that apply. maternal discomfort during labor and delivery and pain after pelvic surgery.
Intrathecal anesthesia is a common method used for abdominal or limb
surgery. Nerve block anesthesia is a common method used for severe pain,
such as chronic orthopedic pain.
5. Which opioid anal- An adjunctive anesthetic is a drug that enhances the clinical therapy when
gesic is used to induce it is used simultaneously with another drug. Fentanyl is an opioid analgesic
anesthesia along with that is also used to induce anesthesia during general anesthesia. Propofol
a general anesthetic is a parenteral anesthetic, but not an opioid analgesic. Ketamine is a par-
drug? enteral anesthetic and an adjunct to inhalational anesthesia. Desflurane is
an inhalational anesthetic used to induce general anesthesia.
6. What is a notable Intrathecal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia are the two types of spinal
complication associ- or intraspinal anesthesia that are given locally, but they act centrally. Spinal
ated with the use of headache is a notable complication with spinal anesthesia because of injury
centrally acting local to the spinal layers or structures involved. Respiratory depression or arrest is
anesthesia? a complication of high doses of general parenteral or inhalational anesthet-
ics. Muscle fasciculations are muscle spasms that are a result of the damage
caused to the muscles by neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs), but they
are not a complication of local anesthetic drugs. Malignant hyperthermia
is an uncommon, potentially fatal, adverse metabolic reaction to general
anesthetics.
7. Which is a long-acting Pancuronium is a long-acting nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking
nondepolarizing neu- drug. Rocuronium, vecuronium, and cisatracurium are intermediate-acting
romuscular blocking nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs.
drug?
8.
