WSU Nur 2030 Pathophysiology (Patho) Gastrointestinal
System (pt. of final ex.) Questions With Complete Solutions
.9 mg/dl Correct Answers normal bilirubin
100 to 150 mL remain at the end Correct Answers 1.5 to 2
liters/per day pass into the cecum of the large intestine. How
much remains in the end?
1500ml/min Correct Answers What is the normal blood flow
through the liver?
2 liters Correct Answers 11 liters go into the small intestine,
how much comes out?
24 hour pH monitoring Correct Answers Gold standard for
diagnosing GERD.
75 to 85% Correct Answers About what percentage of patients
Hepatitis C develop a chronic form of the disease?
80% of their normal strength Correct Answers how well does a
good surgical incision heal
Acidic pH (1.5 to 2) Correct Answers What is the pH of the
stomach?
Acute gastritis Correct Answers Usually a transient
inflammation of the lining of the stomach limited to the mucosal
layer of the stomach. Inflammatory response leads to edema,
pressure, and pain
,Acute gastritis treatment Correct Answers Self limiting,
recovery often complete with removal of the causative agent
Acute pancreatitis Correct Answers Associated with biliary
tract disease (gall stones), excessive ETOH intake (most
common in men), trauma and surgical procedures
exocrine/blood sugars is not usually affected with this type
adhesions Correct Answers primary cause of small bowel
obstructions or scar tissue that develops around a piece of bowel
Alcohol Correct Answers What is directly toxic on the liver
**MUST KNOW**
ammonia Correct Answers break down of protein leads to this
appendicitis Correct Answers An acute inflammation of the
vermiform appendix
blockage occurs--->increased pressure inside
the appendix--->decreased blood flow
--->gangrene and/or perforation
Peak incidence between 20 and 30 years of age
MOST COMMON CAUSE of right lower quadrant pain
occurs in men more than women
often misdiagnosed
,10-20% of surgeries find a normal appendix
appendicitis treatment Correct Answers antibiotics
sometimes you may keep them to observe
minimally invasive surgery - may go home same day unless
there is a perforation
24-48 hours if not perforated
5-7 days if there is a perforation
appendix rupture Correct Answers Can lead to abscess
formation, peritonitis, sepsis
ascending colon (up the rt side)
transverse colon (across the top)
descending colon (down the left)
sigmoid colon to the
rectum Correct Answers What are the four sections of the large
intestine?
ascites Correct Answers Caused by a problem with portal
hypertension and cirrhosis
Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen - almost pure plasma
protein, mostly albumin
Vascular leaking from portal hypertension
Decreased production
Increased lymph production
Renal constriction
Can have 15 liters or more
, Auto digestion Correct Answers Second process of pancreatitis
in which trypsin begins digestion of the parenchyma leading to
gangrene of the entire or part of the pancreas
Barrett's Esophagus Correct Answers Precurser to esophageal
cancer
**actual changes in the cells of the esophagus
often caused by GERD
Biliary Cirrhosis Correct Answers Classification of cirrhosis
Caused by obstruction of the outflow of bile leading to bile
stasis
bowel obstruction treatment Correct Answers surgical -
depends on the cause
if rectal cancer, do surgery to remove it
if adhesions around the small bowel, may need to cut through
the adhesions to reduce constriction of the small bowel
non-surgical - no eating, put an NG tube down, to prevent more
back up, reduce the pressure
can be as low as 32% Correct Answers 1 year survival rate
after a bleeding episode (variceal hemorrhage)
can cause another type of viral hepatitis Correct Answers
cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein Barr
cancer Correct Answers Any chronic inflammation increases
your risk of what in the area of inflammation?
System (pt. of final ex.) Questions With Complete Solutions
.9 mg/dl Correct Answers normal bilirubin
100 to 150 mL remain at the end Correct Answers 1.5 to 2
liters/per day pass into the cecum of the large intestine. How
much remains in the end?
1500ml/min Correct Answers What is the normal blood flow
through the liver?
2 liters Correct Answers 11 liters go into the small intestine,
how much comes out?
24 hour pH monitoring Correct Answers Gold standard for
diagnosing GERD.
75 to 85% Correct Answers About what percentage of patients
Hepatitis C develop a chronic form of the disease?
80% of their normal strength Correct Answers how well does a
good surgical incision heal
Acidic pH (1.5 to 2) Correct Answers What is the pH of the
stomach?
Acute gastritis Correct Answers Usually a transient
inflammation of the lining of the stomach limited to the mucosal
layer of the stomach. Inflammatory response leads to edema,
pressure, and pain
,Acute gastritis treatment Correct Answers Self limiting,
recovery often complete with removal of the causative agent
Acute pancreatitis Correct Answers Associated with biliary
tract disease (gall stones), excessive ETOH intake (most
common in men), trauma and surgical procedures
exocrine/blood sugars is not usually affected with this type
adhesions Correct Answers primary cause of small bowel
obstructions or scar tissue that develops around a piece of bowel
Alcohol Correct Answers What is directly toxic on the liver
**MUST KNOW**
ammonia Correct Answers break down of protein leads to this
appendicitis Correct Answers An acute inflammation of the
vermiform appendix
blockage occurs--->increased pressure inside
the appendix--->decreased blood flow
--->gangrene and/or perforation
Peak incidence between 20 and 30 years of age
MOST COMMON CAUSE of right lower quadrant pain
occurs in men more than women
often misdiagnosed
,10-20% of surgeries find a normal appendix
appendicitis treatment Correct Answers antibiotics
sometimes you may keep them to observe
minimally invasive surgery - may go home same day unless
there is a perforation
24-48 hours if not perforated
5-7 days if there is a perforation
appendix rupture Correct Answers Can lead to abscess
formation, peritonitis, sepsis
ascending colon (up the rt side)
transverse colon (across the top)
descending colon (down the left)
sigmoid colon to the
rectum Correct Answers What are the four sections of the large
intestine?
ascites Correct Answers Caused by a problem with portal
hypertension and cirrhosis
Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen - almost pure plasma
protein, mostly albumin
Vascular leaking from portal hypertension
Decreased production
Increased lymph production
Renal constriction
Can have 15 liters or more
, Auto digestion Correct Answers Second process of pancreatitis
in which trypsin begins digestion of the parenchyma leading to
gangrene of the entire or part of the pancreas
Barrett's Esophagus Correct Answers Precurser to esophageal
cancer
**actual changes in the cells of the esophagus
often caused by GERD
Biliary Cirrhosis Correct Answers Classification of cirrhosis
Caused by obstruction of the outflow of bile leading to bile
stasis
bowel obstruction treatment Correct Answers surgical -
depends on the cause
if rectal cancer, do surgery to remove it
if adhesions around the small bowel, may need to cut through
the adhesions to reduce constriction of the small bowel
non-surgical - no eating, put an NG tube down, to prevent more
back up, reduce the pressure
can be as low as 32% Correct Answers 1 year survival rate
after a bleeding episode (variceal hemorrhage)
can cause another type of viral hepatitis Correct Answers
cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein Barr
cancer Correct Answers Any chronic inflammation increases
your risk of what in the area of inflammation?
