NUR 350 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
biofeedback - Answers :a technique for gaining conscious control over unconscious
body functions, such as BP & HR. feedback obtained by sensitive instruments can
provide
cognitive reframing - Answers :a process of changing an individual's perceptions of
stress by reassessing a situation and replacing irrational beliefs
coping styles - Answers :Discrete personal attributes that people have and can develop
to help manage stress.
distress - Answers :A negative, draining energy that results in anxiety, depression,
confusion, helplessness, hopelessness, and fatigue
eustress - Answers :A positive type of stress that reflects a person's confidence in the
ability to successfully master given demands or tasks.
fight or flight response - Answers :The body's physiological response to fear or rage that
triggers the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system as well as the
endocrine system
What is the neurotransmitter associated with pain, memory, and is considered to have
calming effects? - Answers :GABA
What medication classification is considered the most commonly used anti-anxiety
agents? - Answers :benzodiazepines
benzodiazepines effects the main neurotransmittter - Answers :potentiate GABA
name some common benzodiazepines used to treat anxiety - Answers :diazepam
(valium)
clonazepam (klonopin)
alprzolam (xanax)
lorazepam (ativan)
Name the 5 benzodiazepines that are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration for treatment of insomnia with a hypnotic (sleep-inducing) effect. -
Answers :flurazepam (dalmane)
temazepam (restoril)
triazolam (halcion)
estazolam (prosom)
quazepam (doral)
identify reasons benzodiazepines are used in medical treatment - Answers :Used as an:
,a. Anticonvulsant
b. reduce the neuronal overexcitement of alcohol withdrawal.
c. decrease anxiety
When benzodiazepines are taken with other CNS depressants such as alcohol, opiates,
or tricyclic antidepressants, the inhibitory actions of the benzodiazepines can lead to
what complication? - Answers :can lead to life-threatening CNS depression
patient teaching related to benzos - Answers :This medication interferes with motor
ability, attention and judgment.
Caution running any type of machines
Caution with driving a car
Can cause ataxia
Can lead to falls and broken bones
The action of buspirone (BuSpar) - Answers :Blocks feedback inhibition of serotonin.
This leads to the increased release of serotonin by the presynaptic cell 5-HT1 Serotonin
This drug reduces anxiety without having strong sedative-hypnotic properties. There is
not the potential for addiction with taking this drug. It is a non-benzodiazepine - Answers
:buspirone (Buspar)
The antidepressant classification called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
can be used to treat what anxiety disorders? - Answers :obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD)
social anxiety disorder (SAD)
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
panic disorder (PD).
The antidepressant called Venlafaxine (Effexor XR) is used to treat what antianxiety
disorders? - Answers :Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Panic Disorder (PD)
The antidepressant called Duloxetine (Cymbalta) has been approved by the FDA to
treat what anxiety disorder? - Answers :GAD
What is the name of the classification of medications that is considered the first line of
defense in most anxiety and obsessive-compulsive related disorders? - Answers :SSRIs
Name the two SSRI's that have a more calming effect that the other SSRI's - Answers
:Sertraline (Zoloft)
Paroxetine (Paxil)
The SSRI that is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that works well in the
treatment of several anxiety disorders is called: - Answers :Vanlafaxine (effexor)
, This classification of medications are most commonly used to treat anxiety disorders
because they have a quick onset of action - Answers :benzos
Benzodiazepines should be used to treat anxiety symptoms for only short periods of
time due to what reason? - Answers :potential for dependence
important s/e of benzos - Answers :sedation
ataxia
decreased cognitive function
Benzodiazepines are not recommended for patients with what type of heath concerns? -
Answers :A known substance abuse problem
Women during pregnancy
While breast-feeding
Patient and family teaching regarding antianxiety medications include what? - Answers
:Patient not to change dose of the medication on own - do not operate mechanical
equipment - do not drink alcohol - do not take other antianxiety meds because
depressant effects of both will be potentiated - Caffeine decreases the desired effect of
the antianxiety medications - meds can cause congenital birth defects - do not breast
feed - do not stop med suddenly due to withdrawal symptoms of insomnia, irritability,
nervousness, tremors, convulsions - take meds with food - do not take at same time
with antacids
important facts about buspirone (buspar) - Answers :Is a nonbenzodiazepine
Does not cause dependence
Takes 2-4 weeks to begin to reach full effects
Can be used for long-term treatment
Need to take schedule - every day
Hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax) - Answers :Is an antihistamine
Used as prn to treat anxiety symptoms
Is nonaddictive
Used in treating anxiety in patients with substance use problems
propranolol (inderal) - Answers :Beta Blocker
Blocks the nerves that stimulate the heart to beat faster
Used to treat social anxiety disorder
Need to take vital signs before giving each dose
If fight or flight response is used for long periods of time - it caused changes in the body
such as what? - Answers :A sustained response can result in pathophysiological
changes such as high blood pressure, ulcers, and cardiac problems.
biofeedback - Answers :a technique for gaining conscious control over unconscious
body functions, such as BP & HR. feedback obtained by sensitive instruments can
provide
cognitive reframing - Answers :a process of changing an individual's perceptions of
stress by reassessing a situation and replacing irrational beliefs
coping styles - Answers :Discrete personal attributes that people have and can develop
to help manage stress.
distress - Answers :A negative, draining energy that results in anxiety, depression,
confusion, helplessness, hopelessness, and fatigue
eustress - Answers :A positive type of stress that reflects a person's confidence in the
ability to successfully master given demands or tasks.
fight or flight response - Answers :The body's physiological response to fear or rage that
triggers the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system as well as the
endocrine system
What is the neurotransmitter associated with pain, memory, and is considered to have
calming effects? - Answers :GABA
What medication classification is considered the most commonly used anti-anxiety
agents? - Answers :benzodiazepines
benzodiazepines effects the main neurotransmittter - Answers :potentiate GABA
name some common benzodiazepines used to treat anxiety - Answers :diazepam
(valium)
clonazepam (klonopin)
alprzolam (xanax)
lorazepam (ativan)
Name the 5 benzodiazepines that are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration for treatment of insomnia with a hypnotic (sleep-inducing) effect. -
Answers :flurazepam (dalmane)
temazepam (restoril)
triazolam (halcion)
estazolam (prosom)
quazepam (doral)
identify reasons benzodiazepines are used in medical treatment - Answers :Used as an:
,a. Anticonvulsant
b. reduce the neuronal overexcitement of alcohol withdrawal.
c. decrease anxiety
When benzodiazepines are taken with other CNS depressants such as alcohol, opiates,
or tricyclic antidepressants, the inhibitory actions of the benzodiazepines can lead to
what complication? - Answers :can lead to life-threatening CNS depression
patient teaching related to benzos - Answers :This medication interferes with motor
ability, attention and judgment.
Caution running any type of machines
Caution with driving a car
Can cause ataxia
Can lead to falls and broken bones
The action of buspirone (BuSpar) - Answers :Blocks feedback inhibition of serotonin.
This leads to the increased release of serotonin by the presynaptic cell 5-HT1 Serotonin
This drug reduces anxiety without having strong sedative-hypnotic properties. There is
not the potential for addiction with taking this drug. It is a non-benzodiazepine - Answers
:buspirone (Buspar)
The antidepressant classification called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
can be used to treat what anxiety disorders? - Answers :obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD)
social anxiety disorder (SAD)
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
panic disorder (PD).
The antidepressant called Venlafaxine (Effexor XR) is used to treat what antianxiety
disorders? - Answers :Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Panic Disorder (PD)
The antidepressant called Duloxetine (Cymbalta) has been approved by the FDA to
treat what anxiety disorder? - Answers :GAD
What is the name of the classification of medications that is considered the first line of
defense in most anxiety and obsessive-compulsive related disorders? - Answers :SSRIs
Name the two SSRI's that have a more calming effect that the other SSRI's - Answers
:Sertraline (Zoloft)
Paroxetine (Paxil)
The SSRI that is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that works well in the
treatment of several anxiety disorders is called: - Answers :Vanlafaxine (effexor)
, This classification of medications are most commonly used to treat anxiety disorders
because they have a quick onset of action - Answers :benzos
Benzodiazepines should be used to treat anxiety symptoms for only short periods of
time due to what reason? - Answers :potential for dependence
important s/e of benzos - Answers :sedation
ataxia
decreased cognitive function
Benzodiazepines are not recommended for patients with what type of heath concerns? -
Answers :A known substance abuse problem
Women during pregnancy
While breast-feeding
Patient and family teaching regarding antianxiety medications include what? - Answers
:Patient not to change dose of the medication on own - do not operate mechanical
equipment - do not drink alcohol - do not take other antianxiety meds because
depressant effects of both will be potentiated - Caffeine decreases the desired effect of
the antianxiety medications - meds can cause congenital birth defects - do not breast
feed - do not stop med suddenly due to withdrawal symptoms of insomnia, irritability,
nervousness, tremors, convulsions - take meds with food - do not take at same time
with antacids
important facts about buspirone (buspar) - Answers :Is a nonbenzodiazepine
Does not cause dependence
Takes 2-4 weeks to begin to reach full effects
Can be used for long-term treatment
Need to take schedule - every day
Hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax) - Answers :Is an antihistamine
Used as prn to treat anxiety symptoms
Is nonaddictive
Used in treating anxiety in patients with substance use problems
propranolol (inderal) - Answers :Beta Blocker
Blocks the nerves that stimulate the heart to beat faster
Used to treat social anxiety disorder
Need to take vital signs before giving each dose
If fight or flight response is used for long periods of time - it caused changes in the body
such as what? - Answers :A sustained response can result in pathophysiological
changes such as high blood pressure, ulcers, and cardiac problems.
