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NURS 6030 Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and Verified Answers

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This document contains the complete set of verified questions and answers for NURS 6030 Pathophysiology Exam 1. It covers key topics such as fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base regulation, cellular adaptation and injury, genetics and inheritance patterns, cancer development and staging, necrosis types, and stress response mechanisms. The material is designed to support exam preparation with clear explanations of physiological processes and pathophysiological changes.

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solvent


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water in body




Aldosterone: causes of release and action

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sodium and water retention, which causes increased blood volume, and a
subsequent increase in blood pressure, which is sensed by the
baroreceptors.




How can you help people manage stress?


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o Nutrition, sleep, better adaptation/coping, exercise, relaxation




Ribosomes


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site of protein synthesis




How do the lungs compensate for metabolic acidosis?


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Manipulating CO2, blowing off excess acid




Calcification

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calcium deposition




What does it mean when intracellular enzymes such as CPK, AST, ALT, LDH etc. are at
high levels in the blood?


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Results in release cellular contents/enzymes into blood stream. Can use
some released enzymes as markers of cell/tissue damage. (CPK is released
if we fall, LDH/AST/ALT are liver)




What is the orderly display of chromosomes from longest to shortest called?
a.Genotype
b.Phenotype
c.Karyotype
d.Genetic mapping


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C




Natriuretic peptides


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, •Produced by cardiac muscle
- Brain type peptide (BNP)
- Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Both represent too much fluid volume
- Trigger: increased stretch
Actions
- Vasodilation of afferent arterioles (increase GFR)
- Inhibits renin secretion
- Sodium and Chloride Balance




Epidemiology


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study of disease occurrence in human populations




Where do the following fit (ie: anaerobic or aerobic process)


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Glycolysis (anaerobic)
Krebs cycle (aerobic)
Oxidative phosphorylation (aerobic)




How is Sodium regulated?


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