PSS Final Exam| QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 100% SOLVED|
GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Cycles Approach - use sounds to teach appropriate patterns
- move through targets sequentially UNIQUE feature: focus on process for a certain amount of
time, which is not dependent on a set criterion of performance
- don't wait until the child has mastered or achieved a certain level to move on
Whole-Language Approach - broader-based/top-down approaches
- focus on the interactive nature of communication work simultaneously on semantics, syntax,
morphology, pragmatics, and phonology
Tests: Psychometric Properties - a standardized test is a test that is administered and
scarred in a consistent, or "standard," manner
- standardized tests are designed in such a way that the questions, conditions for administering,
scoring procedures, and interpretations are consistent and are administered and scored in a
predetermined, standard manner
- Example: PPVT
Articulation Testing - picture/object naming task
- positional information can easily be identified
- quick, easy to administer
- individual errors (not patters/processes are identified)
,- quick, easy to administer
- individual errors (not patterns/processes) are identified
- the whole word is NOT transcribed
Traditional Articulation Testing: Goldman-Eristoe Test of Articulation (GFTA) - systematic
means of assessing an individual's articulation of the consonant sounds of Standard American
English
- 34 pictures, 53 target words, elicits 61 consonants in IWP, MWP, and FWP
- user-friendly color-coded score sheet Traditional Articulation Testing: GFTA Three Sections:
1. sounds-in-words norms expanded -> 21-22 norms based 2,350 examinees
2. sounds-in-sentences semi-structured connected
3. stimulability syllable, word, sentence
Traditional Articulation Testing: Stimulability (GFTA) - "used to determine the relative ease
which the examiner can correctly produce previously misarticulated sounds in a station that
gives the examiner every advantage visual and auditory modeling"
- only test consonants that the child incorrectly produced
- can test all three levels (sounds, syllables word) of just syllables
- can be administered after sounds in words or sentences subtests
- just use check or x
Phonological Assessment - picture/object naming task
, - identifies patterns/processes
- the while word IS transcribed
- takes more time
What is included in a phonological process analysis? - four error patterns: substitutions,
omissions, distortion, additions (SODA) identification of phonological processes
- frequency of occurrence: # of occurrences x 100=_%
- phonetic inventory = percentage of consonant correct (PCC) add up the total umber of
consonants and the total number of correct consonants divide the number of correct
consonants by th total number of consonants multiple the answer by 100 to determine the PCC
Phonological Assessment:Khan-Lewis Phonological Analysis (KLPA) - a norm referenced, in
depth analysis of overall phonological process usage
- companion tool to the GFTA-2: 34 pictures, 53 words, vowels are not tested, errors can be
noted
- norms for ages 2-0 through 21-11 • 10 developmental phonological processes are sued
- +34 other errors are not in the scoring system... some are non-developmental many occur
infrequently others represent only dialectal or regional differences
Phonological Assessment: Hudson Assessment of Phonological Patterns (HAPP) - designed to
assess and analyze phonological deviations of children with highly unintelligible speech
- earlier versions were modified to eliminate some stimulus words (ex. rouge), replace stimulus
words with more appropriate words (ex. gun -> gum, Santa Claus -> clouds), add multisyllabic
words to assess older children's abilities to produce more complex words
GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Cycles Approach - use sounds to teach appropriate patterns
- move through targets sequentially UNIQUE feature: focus on process for a certain amount of
time, which is not dependent on a set criterion of performance
- don't wait until the child has mastered or achieved a certain level to move on
Whole-Language Approach - broader-based/top-down approaches
- focus on the interactive nature of communication work simultaneously on semantics, syntax,
morphology, pragmatics, and phonology
Tests: Psychometric Properties - a standardized test is a test that is administered and
scarred in a consistent, or "standard," manner
- standardized tests are designed in such a way that the questions, conditions for administering,
scoring procedures, and interpretations are consistent and are administered and scored in a
predetermined, standard manner
- Example: PPVT
Articulation Testing - picture/object naming task
- positional information can easily be identified
- quick, easy to administer
- individual errors (not patters/processes are identified)
,- quick, easy to administer
- individual errors (not patterns/processes) are identified
- the whole word is NOT transcribed
Traditional Articulation Testing: Goldman-Eristoe Test of Articulation (GFTA) - systematic
means of assessing an individual's articulation of the consonant sounds of Standard American
English
- 34 pictures, 53 target words, elicits 61 consonants in IWP, MWP, and FWP
- user-friendly color-coded score sheet Traditional Articulation Testing: GFTA Three Sections:
1. sounds-in-words norms expanded -> 21-22 norms based 2,350 examinees
2. sounds-in-sentences semi-structured connected
3. stimulability syllable, word, sentence
Traditional Articulation Testing: Stimulability (GFTA) - "used to determine the relative ease
which the examiner can correctly produce previously misarticulated sounds in a station that
gives the examiner every advantage visual and auditory modeling"
- only test consonants that the child incorrectly produced
- can test all three levels (sounds, syllables word) of just syllables
- can be administered after sounds in words or sentences subtests
- just use check or x
Phonological Assessment - picture/object naming task
, - identifies patterns/processes
- the while word IS transcribed
- takes more time
What is included in a phonological process analysis? - four error patterns: substitutions,
omissions, distortion, additions (SODA) identification of phonological processes
- frequency of occurrence: # of occurrences x 100=_%
- phonetic inventory = percentage of consonant correct (PCC) add up the total umber of
consonants and the total number of correct consonants divide the number of correct
consonants by th total number of consonants multiple the answer by 100 to determine the PCC
Phonological Assessment:Khan-Lewis Phonological Analysis (KLPA) - a norm referenced, in
depth analysis of overall phonological process usage
- companion tool to the GFTA-2: 34 pictures, 53 words, vowels are not tested, errors can be
noted
- norms for ages 2-0 through 21-11 • 10 developmental phonological processes are sued
- +34 other errors are not in the scoring system... some are non-developmental many occur
infrequently others represent only dialectal or regional differences
Phonological Assessment: Hudson Assessment of Phonological Patterns (HAPP) - designed to
assess and analyze phonological deviations of children with highly unintelligible speech
- earlier versions were modified to eliminate some stimulus words (ex. rouge), replace stimulus
words with more appropriate words (ex. gun -> gum, Santa Claus -> clouds), add multisyllabic
words to assess older children's abilities to produce more complex words
