Nurs 6030 Exam 3 Review questions With Complete
Solutions
Which lab is directly related to perfusion pressure and is the best
measure of kidney function?
GFR
which lab measures how the kidney can filter muscle waste
products and is dependent on the patient's muscle mass?
creatinine
which lab measures the kidneys ability to process urea, but can
also be elevated in GI bleeds, liver failure, etc.
BUN
which lab is first to be elevated in diabetic glomerulosclerosis?
microalbumin on UA
which type of kidney stone is resultant of a genetic disorder and
is found in urine with low pH?
xanthine stone
what are the causes of incontinence? (4)
1. BPH
2. MS
,3. weakened pelvic floor muscles
4. kidney stones
what are causes of UTI? (2)
1. biofilm production in foley catheters
2. diabetes mellitus
why would one kidney be larger in a CT scan?
1. the pt was born with a congenitally smaller kidney
2. one of the kidneys could have hydro if there is an obstruction
3. one of the kidneys isn't working well so the other
hypertrophies
how does nephrotic syndrome contribute to edema? (4)
1. the patient spills protein in their urine
2. there is not enough protein in the blood for oncotic forces to
work well
3. the fluid stays in the tissues due to lack of oncotic pull
4. the patient is edematous
what etiologies can lead to nephrotic syndrome? (4)
1. hypertension
2. focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
3. lupus
4. diabetes
what are the components of diabetic nephropathy? (4)
, 1. podocyte injury
2. glomerular sclerosis
3. thickening of the basement membrane
4. increased glomerular filtration pressure
what changes are present in the kidney due to chronic HTN? (4)
1. the damaged blood vessels from HTN have decreased bloody
carrying capacity
2. thickening of blood vessel walls
3. glomerular changes
4. scarring to the nephron
true or false: angiotensin II causes glomerular HTN &
hyperfiltration 2/2 efferent ateriolar vasoconstriction &
promotes systemic HTN?
true
true or false anuria is UO of <400 cc's of urine a day
false
true or false: oliguria is urine output <50 cc's a day
false
what are characteristics of ATN? (3)
1. this is an intrarenal process of AKI
2. the primary cause of ATN is ischemia to the tubules
3. you can have permanent ramifications and this can cause
death
Solutions
Which lab is directly related to perfusion pressure and is the best
measure of kidney function?
GFR
which lab measures how the kidney can filter muscle waste
products and is dependent on the patient's muscle mass?
creatinine
which lab measures the kidneys ability to process urea, but can
also be elevated in GI bleeds, liver failure, etc.
BUN
which lab is first to be elevated in diabetic glomerulosclerosis?
microalbumin on UA
which type of kidney stone is resultant of a genetic disorder and
is found in urine with low pH?
xanthine stone
what are the causes of incontinence? (4)
1. BPH
2. MS
,3. weakened pelvic floor muscles
4. kidney stones
what are causes of UTI? (2)
1. biofilm production in foley catheters
2. diabetes mellitus
why would one kidney be larger in a CT scan?
1. the pt was born with a congenitally smaller kidney
2. one of the kidneys could have hydro if there is an obstruction
3. one of the kidneys isn't working well so the other
hypertrophies
how does nephrotic syndrome contribute to edema? (4)
1. the patient spills protein in their urine
2. there is not enough protein in the blood for oncotic forces to
work well
3. the fluid stays in the tissues due to lack of oncotic pull
4. the patient is edematous
what etiologies can lead to nephrotic syndrome? (4)
1. hypertension
2. focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
3. lupus
4. diabetes
what are the components of diabetic nephropathy? (4)
, 1. podocyte injury
2. glomerular sclerosis
3. thickening of the basement membrane
4. increased glomerular filtration pressure
what changes are present in the kidney due to chronic HTN? (4)
1. the damaged blood vessels from HTN have decreased bloody
carrying capacity
2. thickening of blood vessel walls
3. glomerular changes
4. scarring to the nephron
true or false: angiotensin II causes glomerular HTN &
hyperfiltration 2/2 efferent ateriolar vasoconstriction &
promotes systemic HTN?
true
true or false anuria is UO of <400 cc's of urine a day
false
true or false: oliguria is urine output <50 cc's a day
false
what are characteristics of ATN? (3)
1. this is an intrarenal process of AKI
2. the primary cause of ATN is ischemia to the tubules
3. you can have permanent ramifications and this can cause
death
