Biochemistry
Exercise And Starvation
Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25
, Science | Biochemistry I of IV pages
1. What does creatine/phosphocreatine act as a source for for the heart and muscles?
Source of phosphate groups
Can donate to ADP -> ATP
Reserve when ATP falls rapidly in exercise
2. What enzyme converts creatine to phsophocreatine?
Creatine kinase
3. What can creatine kinase be an important biomarker for identifying?
MI
4. What is creatinine?
Spontenously converesed from creatine
5. What is the amount of creatinine proportional to?
Muscle mass
6. What is creatinine excreted by?
Kidneys
7. When is ATP and creatinine consumed (what period of time)?
Within seconds of exercise
Used for short intense exertion
> Heavy lifting
> Sprinting
8. Why does intensity of exercise diminish over time?`
Creatinine and ATP are consumed rapidly
- Other pathways are required for longer exercise (which have a slower metabolism)
9. What does calcium (released from muscles) activate (what pathways)?
Glycogenolysis
- TCA cycle
10. What do Glucagon and epinephrine inhibit to stop fatty acid synthesis?
This occurs in intense aerobic exercise
Inhibit Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (rate limiting step of fatty acid synthesis)
Acetyl CoA + CO2 -> Malonyl-CoA
11. What process does Malonyl-CoA inhibit?
B-oxidation
12. What vitamin is a cofactor for Acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
Biotin
13. Levels of what molecule fall in intense aerobic exercise, signalling a drop in fattyacid synthesis?
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition
Exercise And Starvation
Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25
, Science | Biochemistry I of IV pages
1. What does creatine/phosphocreatine act as a source for for the heart and muscles?
Source of phosphate groups
Can donate to ADP -> ATP
Reserve when ATP falls rapidly in exercise
2. What enzyme converts creatine to phsophocreatine?
Creatine kinase
3. What can creatine kinase be an important biomarker for identifying?
MI
4. What is creatinine?
Spontenously converesed from creatine
5. What is the amount of creatinine proportional to?
Muscle mass
6. What is creatinine excreted by?
Kidneys
7. When is ATP and creatinine consumed (what period of time)?
Within seconds of exercise
Used for short intense exertion
> Heavy lifting
> Sprinting
8. Why does intensity of exercise diminish over time?`
Creatinine and ATP are consumed rapidly
- Other pathways are required for longer exercise (which have a slower metabolism)
9. What does calcium (released from muscles) activate (what pathways)?
Glycogenolysis
- TCA cycle
10. What do Glucagon and epinephrine inhibit to stop fatty acid synthesis?
This occurs in intense aerobic exercise
Inhibit Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (rate limiting step of fatty acid synthesis)
Acetyl CoA + CO2 -> Malonyl-CoA
11. What process does Malonyl-CoA inhibit?
B-oxidation
12. What vitamin is a cofactor for Acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
Biotin
13. Levels of what molecule fall in intense aerobic exercise, signalling a drop in fattyacid synthesis?
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition
