CD 450 - Fluency Disorders - Final
Exam (presentations) with
Complete Solutions
T / F : A person who clutters has a regular rate of speech with many revisions. -
ANSWER - false
T / F : A person who clutters may also be someone who stutters. - ANSWER - true
T / F : Over-articulation, oral-motor coordination exercises, and speech-rate control
techniques are all examples of treatment of cluttering. - ANSWER - true
T / F : Cluttering is not a fluency disorder. - ANSWER - false
What is the goal of therapy for those who clutter?
a.) Improve prosody, clarity, and precision of speech
b.) Focus on speech rate reduction
c.) Facilitating improved language organization, narrative development, and
conversational skills
d.) All of the above - ANSWER - d
What co-occuring conditions can an individual who clutters have? (Mark all that
apply).
a.) ADHD
b.) Apraxia
c.) Asperger's Syndrome
d.) None of the above - ANSWER - a, b, c
,Which one of these is not a feature of neurogenic stuttering?
a) Repetitions, prolongations, and blocks occur in all positions of words
b) There is a consistency in stuttering behavior across speech tasks
c) The speaker does appear overly anxious about the stuttering behavior
d) The speaker does not appear overly anxious about the stuttering behavior -
ANSWER - c
Which one of these may not be an etiology of neurogenic stuttering?
a) Social relationships
b) Stroke
c) Head trauma
d) Drug toxicity - ANSWER - a
Which of the following is a characteristic of someone who clutters?
a.) An individual who clutters knows there is an issue.
b.) An individual who clutters starts off knowing what they want to say but get
derailed in the process.
c.) An individual who clutters demonstrates a slower rate of speech.
d.) An individual who clutters never has interjections or revisions. - ANSWER - b
What disfluencies do individuals who clutter tend to have? (Mark all that apply.)
a.) Interjections
b.) Blocks
c.). Revisions
d.) Prolongations - ANSWER - a, c
,According to ASHA what is the definition of cluttering?
a.) Cluttering is an articulation disorder characterized by a rapid and/or irregular
speaking rate and oral motor muscle weakness.
b.) Cluttering is a fluency disorder characterized by a rapid and/or irregular
speaking rate,excessive disfluencies, and often other symptoms such as language
or phonological errors and attention deficits.
c.) Cluttering is a language disorder characterized by a rapid and/or irregular
speaking rate, language or phonological errors, and attention deficits.
d.) None of the above - ANSWER - b
Which of these examples portrays someone who clutters? (Mark all that apply).
a.) 'sssssssnake" for "snake"
b.) "ferchly" for "fortunately"
c.) "w-w-w-where" for where
d.) "wuffel" for "wonderful" - ANSWER - b, d
T / F: Neurogenic stuttering is typically acquired before childhood. - ANSWER - false
T / F: Developmental stuttering is the most frequently occurring acquired form of
stuttering in both adults and children. - ANSWER - false
Developmental stuttering onset is between ____?
a) 1-2 yrs
b) 8-10 yrs
c) 4-6 yrs
d) 2-5 yrs - ANSWER - d
T / F: Neurogenic stuttering often has other neurologic signs or symptoms. -
ANSWER - true
, Patient X showed speech deficits which were characterized by____.
(neurogenic stuttering)
a) moderate flaccid dysarthria
b) neurogenic stuttering
c) Aphasia
d) A and B
e) All of the above - ANSWER - d
Which type of stuttering can co-occur with secondary behaviors?
a) Neurogenic stuttering
b) Developmental stuttering
c) A and B
d) None of the above - ANSWER - c
T / F: Neurogenic stuttering can be caused by genetic factors. - ANSWER - false
T / F: For the 7.5 yr. old boy case study, the motor aspects of speech were especially
influenced by the lesion in the Broca's area of the left inferior frontal gyrus.
(neurogenic stuttering) - ANSWER - false
________ reduces the frequency of stuttering and helps the stutterer be fluent.
A. Auditory Feedback
B. Artificial Fluency Devices
C. Hearing Aids
D. Subjective Measures - ANSWER - b
Exam (presentations) with
Complete Solutions
T / F : A person who clutters has a regular rate of speech with many revisions. -
ANSWER - false
T / F : A person who clutters may also be someone who stutters. - ANSWER - true
T / F : Over-articulation, oral-motor coordination exercises, and speech-rate control
techniques are all examples of treatment of cluttering. - ANSWER - true
T / F : Cluttering is not a fluency disorder. - ANSWER - false
What is the goal of therapy for those who clutter?
a.) Improve prosody, clarity, and precision of speech
b.) Focus on speech rate reduction
c.) Facilitating improved language organization, narrative development, and
conversational skills
d.) All of the above - ANSWER - d
What co-occuring conditions can an individual who clutters have? (Mark all that
apply).
a.) ADHD
b.) Apraxia
c.) Asperger's Syndrome
d.) None of the above - ANSWER - a, b, c
,Which one of these is not a feature of neurogenic stuttering?
a) Repetitions, prolongations, and blocks occur in all positions of words
b) There is a consistency in stuttering behavior across speech tasks
c) The speaker does appear overly anxious about the stuttering behavior
d) The speaker does not appear overly anxious about the stuttering behavior -
ANSWER - c
Which one of these may not be an etiology of neurogenic stuttering?
a) Social relationships
b) Stroke
c) Head trauma
d) Drug toxicity - ANSWER - a
Which of the following is a characteristic of someone who clutters?
a.) An individual who clutters knows there is an issue.
b.) An individual who clutters starts off knowing what they want to say but get
derailed in the process.
c.) An individual who clutters demonstrates a slower rate of speech.
d.) An individual who clutters never has interjections or revisions. - ANSWER - b
What disfluencies do individuals who clutter tend to have? (Mark all that apply.)
a.) Interjections
b.) Blocks
c.). Revisions
d.) Prolongations - ANSWER - a, c
,According to ASHA what is the definition of cluttering?
a.) Cluttering is an articulation disorder characterized by a rapid and/or irregular
speaking rate and oral motor muscle weakness.
b.) Cluttering is a fluency disorder characterized by a rapid and/or irregular
speaking rate,excessive disfluencies, and often other symptoms such as language
or phonological errors and attention deficits.
c.) Cluttering is a language disorder characterized by a rapid and/or irregular
speaking rate, language or phonological errors, and attention deficits.
d.) None of the above - ANSWER - b
Which of these examples portrays someone who clutters? (Mark all that apply).
a.) 'sssssssnake" for "snake"
b.) "ferchly" for "fortunately"
c.) "w-w-w-where" for where
d.) "wuffel" for "wonderful" - ANSWER - b, d
T / F: Neurogenic stuttering is typically acquired before childhood. - ANSWER - false
T / F: Developmental stuttering is the most frequently occurring acquired form of
stuttering in both adults and children. - ANSWER - false
Developmental stuttering onset is between ____?
a) 1-2 yrs
b) 8-10 yrs
c) 4-6 yrs
d) 2-5 yrs - ANSWER - d
T / F: Neurogenic stuttering often has other neurologic signs or symptoms. -
ANSWER - true
, Patient X showed speech deficits which were characterized by____.
(neurogenic stuttering)
a) moderate flaccid dysarthria
b) neurogenic stuttering
c) Aphasia
d) A and B
e) All of the above - ANSWER - d
Which type of stuttering can co-occur with secondary behaviors?
a) Neurogenic stuttering
b) Developmental stuttering
c) A and B
d) None of the above - ANSWER - c
T / F: Neurogenic stuttering can be caused by genetic factors. - ANSWER - false
T / F: For the 7.5 yr. old boy case study, the motor aspects of speech were especially
influenced by the lesion in the Broca's area of the left inferior frontal gyrus.
(neurogenic stuttering) - ANSWER - false
________ reduces the frequency of stuttering and helps the stutterer be fluent.
A. Auditory Feedback
B. Artificial Fluency Devices
C. Hearing Aids
D. Subjective Measures - ANSWER - b
