AP Computer Science Principles Unit 2 Complete Study Guide With Guaranteed Answers.

a problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible. - correct answer heuristic What is a heuristic? - correct answer a problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible. What kind of compression allows for the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data. - correct answer lossless What is the name for the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a tiny square or dot which contains a single point of color of a larger image. - correct answer pixel What is the term for Data that describes other data. For example, a digital image may include metadata that describe the size of the image, number of colors, or resolution. - correct answer metadata What is the term for A type of data used for graphics or pictures. - correct answer image How many total bits bits would it take to represent the smallest possible image (i.e. an image with one pixel)? - correct answer 18 How many total bits would there be in the the largest possible image we could make with the pixelation widget (assuming 1 bit per pixel)? - correct answer 255 by 255 by 8 What are the dimensions (width and height) of the largest image we can make with the pixelation widget? - correct answer 255 by 255 A number system consisting of 16 distinct symbols — 0-9 and A-F — which can occur in each place value. - correct answer Hexadecimal number system How many bytes (or bits) are required to encode an image that is 25 pixels wide and 50 pixels tall, if you encode each pixel with 3 bytes (24 bits) of RGB data. - correct answer 3753 What is the name for A compression scheme in which "useless" or less-than-totally-necessary information is thrown out in order to reduce the size of the data. The eliminated data is unrecoverable. - correct answer lossy What is the speed of MP3 audio per minute? - correct answer 1MB what would facebook's data be represented in - correct answer petabytes what is a terabyte - correct answer 10^12 bytes What is a petabyte? - correct answer 10^15 bytes What is an exabyte? - correct answer 10^18 bytes What is the approximate size of a .jpg? - correct answer 1 MB What is the approximate size of a pdf file? - correct answer 3 to 5 mb What is the size of a movie file such as .mp4 or .mov? - correct answer 1 gb What are .gifs measured in? - correct answer kb what are pages of plain texts measured in? - correct answer kb What is the size of one million characters? - correct answer 1 MB How big is a nibble? - correct answer 4 bits What does it mean to compress? - correct answer to decrease the number of bits used to represent a piece of information Why were images first broken down into pixels? What problem did this solve? - correct answer Images had to be broken down into pixels so that a computer could represent them digitally. How many different values can be represented by one Red component of a pixel? - correct answer 256 (from 0 to 255) What are screen resolution and pixel density? How do they differ? Draw a diagram to support your answer. - correct answer Screen resolution is the number of pixels on a screen as arranged vertically and horizontally, and density is the number of pixels per a given area. Pixel Density - Same resolution, but phone has more density Why do RGB` values range from 0 to 255? - correct answer RGB values are represented by 8 bits, where the min value is 0 and the max is 255. Describe a function that would take in any RGB value and double its intensity. What do you think happens if the input is 200, 220, 209? - correct answer It maxes out at 255 for each How many different colors can be represented in the standard RGB color model? - correct answer 256 x 256 x 256 What type of information is BMP? - correct answer image What type of information is JPEG? - correct answer image What type of information is WAV - correct answer raw uncompressed audio What type of information is PNG - correct answer image What type of information is MP3? - correct answer audio What type of information is GIF? - correct answer video What type of information is ZIP? - correct answer any What file type and compression type is BMP? - correct answer uncompressed image What file type and compression type is JPEG? - correct answer compressed image- lossy What file type and compression type is WAV? - correct answer uncompressed sound What file type and compression type is PNG? - correct answer lossless image What file type and compression type is GIF? - correct answer lossless video files What file type and compression type is ZIP? - correct answer lossless file Why do you want to compress anything? What's the point? - correct answer It saves data as it is stored on a physical entity, not enough space on hard disks or flash memory. The point is to save money. Why is compression a hard a problem for computers? data . - correct answer The optimal strategy is hard to find, and is subjective. Compression has multiple variables in consistently compounding Does 0 represent black or white? - correct answer white Does 1 represent black or white? - correct answer black What is the resolution? - correct answer the number of pixels on a screen, commonly 720x1080 What is pixel density? - correct answer The resolution divided by the area of the screen. Smaller screens, such as the ones seen on phones, have higher pixel densities than computers and thus appear sharper.