NURS 14 FINAL ACCURATE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
Recommendations for Prevention Needle stick injury - ANSWER • Accidental needle stick and sharp
injuries, when recapping needles, mishandle IV lines and needles. Exposure to bloodborne pathogens
such as HIV and Hep B & C virus.
• Deadliest hazards a nurse is exposed to on daily bases. Any health care personnel is at risk.
• You report injury to the charge nurse and physician.
Recommendations for Prevention Needle stick injury - ANSWER • Avoid using needles when effective
needleless systems or sharps with engineered sharps injury protection safety devices available
• Do not recap any needle after medication administration
• Plan safe handling and disposal of needles before beginning a procedure.
• Immediately dispose needles, needles systems, and SESIP into puncture-proof, leak proof sharps
disposal containers.
• Participate in the selection and evaluation of SESIP devices with safety features within your agency
whenever possible.
• Attend education offerings on bloodborne pathogens and follow recommendations for infection
prevention, including receiving the hepatitis B vaccine.
• Maintain a sharps injury log.
When would you complete an incident report? - ANSWER You would complete an incident report in
timely manner due to any injury. Never document incident reports in patients medical record.
What are sentinel events? - ANSWER • Sentinel events are "serious errors", pt. safety event that is not
related to the pt's illness or underlying condition that reaches a pt. & results in death, permanent harm
or severe temporary harm, including psychological injury.
• Events are "sentinel" because they signal the need for immediate investigation & response
• Wrong-site or wrong-procedure surgery
• Loss of limb or function
• Experiences an assault in the health care setting
• Receives an incompatible blood product
,• All of the above occurrences are both a sentinel event & reportable to TJC & a serious reportable
event.
What do you need to do if a sentinel event happens? - ANSWER • Report it to Joint Commission
what is the use of Furosemide (Lasix)? - ANSWER o Edema due to heart failure, hepatic impairment or
renal disease. Hypertension
what are the Contraindications of Furosemide (Lasix)? - ANSWER o Hypersensitivity; Cross-sensitivity
with thiazides and sulfonamides may occur; Hepatic coma or anuria; Some liquid products may contain
alcohol, avoid in patients with alcohol intolerance.
o Use Cautiously in: Severe liver disease (may precipitate hepatic coma; concurrent use with potassium-
sparing diuretics may be necessary); Electrolyte depletion; Diabetes mellitus; Hypoproteinemia (qrisk of
ototoxicity); Severe renal impairment (qrisk of ototoxicity)
what are the Adverse Effect of Furosemide (Lasix)? - ANSWER o CNS: blurred vision, dizziness, headache,
vertigo.
o EENT: hearing loss, tinnitus.
o CV: hypotension.
o GI: anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, dyspepsia, liver enzymes, nausea, pancreatitis,
vomiting.
o GU:BUN, excessive urination, nephrocalcinosis.
o Derm: ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME, STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS,
photosensitivity, pruritus, rash, urticaria.
o Endo: hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia.
o F and E: dehydration, hypocalcemia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia,
hypovolemia, metabolic alkalosis.
o Hemat: APLASTIC ANEMIA, AGRANULOCYTOSIS, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
o MS: muscle cramps.
o Neuro: paresthesia.
o Misc: fever.
,Patient Education for Furosemide (Lasix)? - ANSWER o Take as directed (take missed dose asap, DO NOT
DOUBLE UP)
o Change positions slowly
o Caution with alcohol, heat exposure, exercise
o If gain >3 lbs, call MD
o Use sunscreen
o Advise patient to contact health care professional immediately if rash, muscle weakness, cramps,
nausea, dizziness, numbness, or tingling of extremities occurs.
o Monitor blood glucose
what has to be reported with med Errors? - ANSWER • Cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or
pt harm
• Include inaccurate prescribing, administering the wrong medication, giving the medication using the
wrong route or time interval, administer extra doses, and or failing to administer a medication
• Caused by technology workarounds, the design of medication label, and the medication distribution
systems
• When med error occurs, pt's safety and well-being are the top priorities
• File incident report asap
use of Nitroglycerin Sublingual: - ANSWER o Acute and long-term prophylactic (oral) management of
angina pectoris.
Contraindications of Nitroglycerin Sublingual: - ANSWER o Hypersensitivity; Severe anemia; Pericardial
tamponade; Constrictive pericarditis; Alcohol intolerance (large IV doses only); Concurrent use of PDE-5
inhibitor (sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil) or riociguat.
Adverse Effects of Nitroglycerin Sublingual: - ANSWER o CNS: dizziness, headache, apprehension,
restlessness, weakness. EENT: blurred vision. CV: hypotension, tachycardia, syncope. GI: abdominal pain,
nausea, vomiting. Derm: contact dermatitis (transdermal). Misc: alcohol intoxication (large IV doses
only), cross-tolerance, flushing, tolerance.
Patient Education for Nitroglycerin Sublingual: - ANSWER o Pt is to sit down and use medication at first
sign of attack or angina pain
, o Relief usually occurs with in 5 min. if no relief take another SL tablet, wait 5 mins. and if still no relief
take another one at 15 min. But no more than 3 tablets.
o Call health care professional or go to nearest emergency room if anginal pain is not relieved by 3
tablets in 15 min.
o Tablets need to be kept in original dark glass container
o Tablets lose potency in containers made of plastic or cardboard.
o Exposure to air, heat, light, and moisture causes potency
o Tablet should be held under tongue until dissolved. Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking until tablet is
dissolved.
o Change positions slowly
Nitroglycerin Topical use, contraindications, and adverse effect - ANSWER are the same as SL
Pt. education for Nitroglycerin Topical: - ANSWER is mainly the same with some except for:
o You must wear gloves when removing or placing a transdermal topical patch, if not that person will
experience a horrible headache.
o Make sure to check that pt does not have other patches on other parts of the body.
o Sites of topical application should be rotated to prevent skin irritation.
o Remove patch or ointment from previous site before application.
o Transdermal patches may be applied to any hairless site (avoid distal extremities or areas with cuts or
calluses)
side Effects of Iron - ANSWER • Constipation
• Vomiting
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Stomach cramp/pain
• Temporarily discolored tooth enamel and eyes, pain on injection
Contraindications of iron - ANSWER • Hemochromatosis (iron overload)
AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
Recommendations for Prevention Needle stick injury - ANSWER • Accidental needle stick and sharp
injuries, when recapping needles, mishandle IV lines and needles. Exposure to bloodborne pathogens
such as HIV and Hep B & C virus.
• Deadliest hazards a nurse is exposed to on daily bases. Any health care personnel is at risk.
• You report injury to the charge nurse and physician.
Recommendations for Prevention Needle stick injury - ANSWER • Avoid using needles when effective
needleless systems or sharps with engineered sharps injury protection safety devices available
• Do not recap any needle after medication administration
• Plan safe handling and disposal of needles before beginning a procedure.
• Immediately dispose needles, needles systems, and SESIP into puncture-proof, leak proof sharps
disposal containers.
• Participate in the selection and evaluation of SESIP devices with safety features within your agency
whenever possible.
• Attend education offerings on bloodborne pathogens and follow recommendations for infection
prevention, including receiving the hepatitis B vaccine.
• Maintain a sharps injury log.
When would you complete an incident report? - ANSWER You would complete an incident report in
timely manner due to any injury. Never document incident reports in patients medical record.
What are sentinel events? - ANSWER • Sentinel events are "serious errors", pt. safety event that is not
related to the pt's illness or underlying condition that reaches a pt. & results in death, permanent harm
or severe temporary harm, including psychological injury.
• Events are "sentinel" because they signal the need for immediate investigation & response
• Wrong-site or wrong-procedure surgery
• Loss of limb or function
• Experiences an assault in the health care setting
• Receives an incompatible blood product
,• All of the above occurrences are both a sentinel event & reportable to TJC & a serious reportable
event.
What do you need to do if a sentinel event happens? - ANSWER • Report it to Joint Commission
what is the use of Furosemide (Lasix)? - ANSWER o Edema due to heart failure, hepatic impairment or
renal disease. Hypertension
what are the Contraindications of Furosemide (Lasix)? - ANSWER o Hypersensitivity; Cross-sensitivity
with thiazides and sulfonamides may occur; Hepatic coma or anuria; Some liquid products may contain
alcohol, avoid in patients with alcohol intolerance.
o Use Cautiously in: Severe liver disease (may precipitate hepatic coma; concurrent use with potassium-
sparing diuretics may be necessary); Electrolyte depletion; Diabetes mellitus; Hypoproteinemia (qrisk of
ototoxicity); Severe renal impairment (qrisk of ototoxicity)
what are the Adverse Effect of Furosemide (Lasix)? - ANSWER o CNS: blurred vision, dizziness, headache,
vertigo.
o EENT: hearing loss, tinnitus.
o CV: hypotension.
o GI: anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, dyspepsia, liver enzymes, nausea, pancreatitis,
vomiting.
o GU:BUN, excessive urination, nephrocalcinosis.
o Derm: ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME, STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS,
photosensitivity, pruritus, rash, urticaria.
o Endo: hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia.
o F and E: dehydration, hypocalcemia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia,
hypovolemia, metabolic alkalosis.
o Hemat: APLASTIC ANEMIA, AGRANULOCYTOSIS, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
o MS: muscle cramps.
o Neuro: paresthesia.
o Misc: fever.
,Patient Education for Furosemide (Lasix)? - ANSWER o Take as directed (take missed dose asap, DO NOT
DOUBLE UP)
o Change positions slowly
o Caution with alcohol, heat exposure, exercise
o If gain >3 lbs, call MD
o Use sunscreen
o Advise patient to contact health care professional immediately if rash, muscle weakness, cramps,
nausea, dizziness, numbness, or tingling of extremities occurs.
o Monitor blood glucose
what has to be reported with med Errors? - ANSWER • Cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or
pt harm
• Include inaccurate prescribing, administering the wrong medication, giving the medication using the
wrong route or time interval, administer extra doses, and or failing to administer a medication
• Caused by technology workarounds, the design of medication label, and the medication distribution
systems
• When med error occurs, pt's safety and well-being are the top priorities
• File incident report asap
use of Nitroglycerin Sublingual: - ANSWER o Acute and long-term prophylactic (oral) management of
angina pectoris.
Contraindications of Nitroglycerin Sublingual: - ANSWER o Hypersensitivity; Severe anemia; Pericardial
tamponade; Constrictive pericarditis; Alcohol intolerance (large IV doses only); Concurrent use of PDE-5
inhibitor (sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil) or riociguat.
Adverse Effects of Nitroglycerin Sublingual: - ANSWER o CNS: dizziness, headache, apprehension,
restlessness, weakness. EENT: blurred vision. CV: hypotension, tachycardia, syncope. GI: abdominal pain,
nausea, vomiting. Derm: contact dermatitis (transdermal). Misc: alcohol intoxication (large IV doses
only), cross-tolerance, flushing, tolerance.
Patient Education for Nitroglycerin Sublingual: - ANSWER o Pt is to sit down and use medication at first
sign of attack or angina pain
, o Relief usually occurs with in 5 min. if no relief take another SL tablet, wait 5 mins. and if still no relief
take another one at 15 min. But no more than 3 tablets.
o Call health care professional or go to nearest emergency room if anginal pain is not relieved by 3
tablets in 15 min.
o Tablets need to be kept in original dark glass container
o Tablets lose potency in containers made of plastic or cardboard.
o Exposure to air, heat, light, and moisture causes potency
o Tablet should be held under tongue until dissolved. Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking until tablet is
dissolved.
o Change positions slowly
Nitroglycerin Topical use, contraindications, and adverse effect - ANSWER are the same as SL
Pt. education for Nitroglycerin Topical: - ANSWER is mainly the same with some except for:
o You must wear gloves when removing or placing a transdermal topical patch, if not that person will
experience a horrible headache.
o Make sure to check that pt does not have other patches on other parts of the body.
o Sites of topical application should be rotated to prevent skin irritation.
o Remove patch or ointment from previous site before application.
o Transdermal patches may be applied to any hairless site (avoid distal extremities or areas with cuts or
calluses)
side Effects of Iron - ANSWER • Constipation
• Vomiting
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Stomach cramp/pain
• Temporarily discolored tooth enamel and eyes, pain on injection
Contraindications of iron - ANSWER • Hemochromatosis (iron overload)
