HPH NAT Certification 23 - Final Review
Study
Types of Vital Signs & Normal Ranges-✔✔ Temperature: 98.6 F (37 C)
Pulse: 60-100 beats per min
Respirations: 12-20 breaths per min
Blood Pressure: systolic 120 < & diastolic 80 <
O2 sat: 95-100%
What is Intake & Output (I&O)?
Give examples of both.-✔✔ The measurement of fluid that enters the patient and
leaves the patient.
Intake: Water, juice, ice, jello, (anything that melts @ room temp)
Output: urine, vomit, blood, diarrhea, wound drainage
oz → cc’s conversion. How to calculate. Vice versa.-✔✔ 30 ml = 1 oz
1 oz = 30 cc
oz(30) = cc
cc/30 = oz
Patient Positioning-✔✔ Supine = flat face up
Prone = flat face down
Lateral = side laying
Fowlers = HOB 45-60*
Low-Fowlers = HOB 15-30 *
Semi-Fowlers = HOB 30-45*
High-Fowlers = HOB 90*
Trendelenburg = HOB pointed down, feet of bed facing up
Bed position & care for patients with tube feeding-✔✔ Position: High Fowlers (45-90)
How to give hand & foot care.-✔✔ Put on gloves
Fill basin w/ warm water, test temp.
Hands: soak for at least 5 min, wash one hand at a time with soapy washcloth, then
rinse.
clean under nails with orangewood stick, and smooth nail edges using emery board.
Foot: place absorbent pad and basin on the floor and let foot soak for 10 min. Clean foot
and inbetween toes with soapy washcloth for each foot then rinse.
, How to empty a drainage bag & perform foley care.-✔✔ Empty drainage bag: Put on
gloves, measure urine in drainage bag, place an absorbent pad and graduate on a flat
surface, un-clamp tubing of the drainage bag and aim into the graduate, unlock tube
and let all contents flow into graduate, once empty relock the tubing and clean drainage
spout then carefully placing the clamp back into place making sure not to cross
contaminate it.
Foley care: Put on gloves, preform perineal care, hold foley close of meatus and wipe
away 4-6in until biofilm is gone.
How to assist patient ambulating with cane & walker.-✔✔ Cane: cane is on patient
stronger side then patient leads with weaker leg. (NA stands on pt weaker side)
walker: patient pushes walker and steps into walker (NA stands behind pt)
How long does it take for pressure sores to occur?
S/S of pressure sores.
How to treat pressure sores/prevent pressure sores.-✔✔ 1-2 hours
s/s: pain, itchiness, discoloration of skin (red, purple/blue)
tx: regular repositioning, dressings to heal ulcer, special mattresses.
S/S of abuse. What to do when observing s/s of abuse?-✔✔ S/S: fear or afraid to be
alone, poor self control, withdrawl or apathy, threaten others, alcohol or drug abuse,
agitation or anxiety.
Report to the RN
Pros & Cons of using a heating pad.-✔✔ Pros: pain relief, relieve/ reduce swelling
Cons: only for specific times, if used unproperly it can damage body tissues.
What is anti-embolic or the purpose of using stockings, to prevent what?-✔✔
What are universal standard precautions?-✔✔ precautions set to prevent the
transmission of pathogens through exposure. (ex: hand hygiene, PPE (gloves, gown,
mask, eyewear, face shield)
How to perform hand hygiene?-✔✔ wet hands & apply soap
rub hands together for 20 seconds (wrist, palm, nails, fingers, etc)
keep hands lower than elbows & fingertips
use paper towel to properly dry
*dont touch sick or anything during, before, or after washing hands
Study
Types of Vital Signs & Normal Ranges-✔✔ Temperature: 98.6 F (37 C)
Pulse: 60-100 beats per min
Respirations: 12-20 breaths per min
Blood Pressure: systolic 120 < & diastolic 80 <
O2 sat: 95-100%
What is Intake & Output (I&O)?
Give examples of both.-✔✔ The measurement of fluid that enters the patient and
leaves the patient.
Intake: Water, juice, ice, jello, (anything that melts @ room temp)
Output: urine, vomit, blood, diarrhea, wound drainage
oz → cc’s conversion. How to calculate. Vice versa.-✔✔ 30 ml = 1 oz
1 oz = 30 cc
oz(30) = cc
cc/30 = oz
Patient Positioning-✔✔ Supine = flat face up
Prone = flat face down
Lateral = side laying
Fowlers = HOB 45-60*
Low-Fowlers = HOB 15-30 *
Semi-Fowlers = HOB 30-45*
High-Fowlers = HOB 90*
Trendelenburg = HOB pointed down, feet of bed facing up
Bed position & care for patients with tube feeding-✔✔ Position: High Fowlers (45-90)
How to give hand & foot care.-✔✔ Put on gloves
Fill basin w/ warm water, test temp.
Hands: soak for at least 5 min, wash one hand at a time with soapy washcloth, then
rinse.
clean under nails with orangewood stick, and smooth nail edges using emery board.
Foot: place absorbent pad and basin on the floor and let foot soak for 10 min. Clean foot
and inbetween toes with soapy washcloth for each foot then rinse.
, How to empty a drainage bag & perform foley care.-✔✔ Empty drainage bag: Put on
gloves, measure urine in drainage bag, place an absorbent pad and graduate on a flat
surface, un-clamp tubing of the drainage bag and aim into the graduate, unlock tube
and let all contents flow into graduate, once empty relock the tubing and clean drainage
spout then carefully placing the clamp back into place making sure not to cross
contaminate it.
Foley care: Put on gloves, preform perineal care, hold foley close of meatus and wipe
away 4-6in until biofilm is gone.
How to assist patient ambulating with cane & walker.-✔✔ Cane: cane is on patient
stronger side then patient leads with weaker leg. (NA stands on pt weaker side)
walker: patient pushes walker and steps into walker (NA stands behind pt)
How long does it take for pressure sores to occur?
S/S of pressure sores.
How to treat pressure sores/prevent pressure sores.-✔✔ 1-2 hours
s/s: pain, itchiness, discoloration of skin (red, purple/blue)
tx: regular repositioning, dressings to heal ulcer, special mattresses.
S/S of abuse. What to do when observing s/s of abuse?-✔✔ S/S: fear or afraid to be
alone, poor self control, withdrawl or apathy, threaten others, alcohol or drug abuse,
agitation or anxiety.
Report to the RN
Pros & Cons of using a heating pad.-✔✔ Pros: pain relief, relieve/ reduce swelling
Cons: only for specific times, if used unproperly it can damage body tissues.
What is anti-embolic or the purpose of using stockings, to prevent what?-✔✔
What are universal standard precautions?-✔✔ precautions set to prevent the
transmission of pathogens through exposure. (ex: hand hygiene, PPE (gloves, gown,
mask, eyewear, face shield)
How to perform hand hygiene?-✔✔ wet hands & apply soap
rub hands together for 20 seconds (wrist, palm, nails, fingers, etc)
keep hands lower than elbows & fingertips
use paper towel to properly dry
*dont touch sick or anything during, before, or after washing hands
