ACCS Patient Assessment Test Questions and Answers

Four critical life function - 1. Ventilation 2. Oxygenation 3. Circulation 4. Perfusion Which of the four critical life functions is the first priority? - Ventilation What assessment would determine how well a patient is ventilating? - RR, tidal volume, chest movement, breath sounds, EtC02, & PaC02 How would the adult critical care specialist determine if a patient has a problem with oxygenation? - HR, color, sensorium, Sa02, & Pa02. What information would help the adult critical care specialist determine if a patient's circulation is adequate? - Pulse/HR and strength, CO What changes would indicate that a patient may not have adequate perfusion? - Blood pressure, sensorium, temperature, urine output, hemodynamics. Describe the difference between "Signs" & "Symptoms" and list an example of each. - Signs: objective information, those things you can see or measure. Example: color, pulse, edema, BP ect. Symptoms: subjective information, those things a pt. must tell you. Example: nausea, dyspnea, pain, muscle weakness etc. List 6 items that are important to examine when reviewing a patient's chart. - 1. Pt chart review. 2. Respiratory care orders 3. Pt progress notes 4. Pt lab reports 5. I&O's 6. Fluid balance Define advance directives. - Set of instructions documenting what treatment a patient would want if he was unable to make medical decisions. List and describe the four types of advance directives. - 1. Do not resuscitate (DNR): request not to have cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed. Do not intubate 2. (DNI):request not to be intubated. May use NIV. 3. Living Will: describes treatment pt. would want if one becomes terminally ill. Less than 6 mo to live. 4. Durable Power of Attorney fir health care: legal document that names a health care proxy responsible for making health care decisions. A proper written order for respiratory care should include what four factors? - 1. Type of therapy 2. Frequency 3. Medication dosage and dilution 4. Physician signature The adult critical care specialist has just finished administering an aerosol treatment with albuterol to a pt. with asthma. How should the treatment be charted? - Date, time, reaction ect. What is the normal value for urine output? - 40 mL/hr (1 liter/day) What findings might indicate that the pt.'s fluid intake has exceeded their urine output? - 1. Weight gain 2. Electrolyte imbalance 3. Increased hemodynamic pressure 4. Decreased lung compliance Changes in a pt.'s _____ reading can indicate hypovolemia? - CVP CVP 2 mm Hg can indicate hypovolemia CVP 6 mm Hg can indicate hypervolemia Define Semicomatose: Stuporous: Obtunded: - Semicomatose: responds only to painful s