BIOL 2302 Kasparian Final Exam Review 2024 Questions and Answers Graded A

The main functional organs of the urinary system are.... - kidneys The temporary storage reservoir for urine following filtration is... - urinary bladder The paired organs that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder are.... - ureters The transport lumen that transports urine from the bladder out of the body is the.... - urethra How much blood does the kidney filter daily? - 200 liters What are the function of the kidneys - - allow the expulsion of toxins, metabolic wastes, and excess ions - regulate volume and chemical make up of the blood - maintain proper balance between water and salts, and acids and bases - activation of vitamin D During prolonged fasting (deprivation of nutrients), kidneys will undergo what process to produce energy for the body? - gluconeogenesis Which chemical released from he kidneys helps regulate blood pressure? - renin What hormone released from the kidney helps stimulate RBC production? - erythropoietin The region of the kidneys in which ureters, renal blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter is called.... - hilus The fibrous structure that surrounds the kidney and prevents kidney infections is called... - renal capsule The fatty mass that cushions the kidney and attaches it the body cavity wall is called.... - adipose capsule The outer layer of dense fibrous connective tissue that anchors kidney is called.... - renal fascia The light colored, granular superficial region of the kidney is called... - cortex The part of the kidney that has cone-shaped pyramids separated by columns is called... - medulla The flat funnel shaped tube lateral to the hilus within the renal sinus is called... - renal pelvis The large branches of the renal pelvis that collect urine and empty it into the pelvis are called... - major calyces What is the nerve supply of the kidneys? - renal plexus The structural and functional units that form urine in the kidneys are.... - nephrons What are the components of the nephrons? - - glomerulus - glomerular capsule - renal tubules What are the three renal tubules? - - proximal convoluted tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal convoluted tubule The tuft of capillaries associated with a renal tubule is called... - glomerulus the cup-shaped end of the renal tubes that completely surrounds the glomerulus is called... - glomerular (Bowman's) capsule The complex of both the glomerulus and capsule is called.... - renal corpuscle The fenestrate epithelium that allows solute-rich and protein free filtrate to pass from the blood into the glomerular capsule is..... - glomerular endothelium The structural layer of the glomerular capsule is the... - external parietal layer