NCLEX Nutrition (Questions & Answers)
Comprehensive Fundamentals Of Nursing
Which statement made by an adult patient demonstrates understanding of
healthy nutrition teaching?
A. I need to stop eating red meat.
B. I will increase the servings of fruit juice to four a day.
C. I will make sure that I eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly.
D. I will not eat so many dark green vegetables and eat more yellow
vegetables. Correct Ans - C
Monosaccharides Correct Ans - Simple carbohydrates (glucose,
fructose, galactose)
The nurse teaches a patient who has had surgery to increase which
nutrient to help with tissue repair?
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Vitamin
D. Carbohydrate Correct Ans - B
Disaccharides Correct Ans - Simple carbohydrates (sucrose,
lactose, maltose)
The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing dysphagia. Which
interventions help decrease the risk of aspiration during feeding? (Select
all that apply.)
A. Sit the patient upright in a chair.
B. Give liquids at the end of the meal.
C. Place food in the strong side of the mouth.
D. Provide thin foods to make it easier to swallow.
E. Feed the patient slowly, allowing time to chew and swallow.
F. Encourage patient to lie down to rest for 30 minutes after eating.
Correct Ans - A, C, E
Polysaccharides Correct Ans - Complex carbohydrates (starch,
fiber, glycogen)
,The nurse suspects that the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN)
through a central venous catheter (CVC) has an air embolus. What action
does the nurse need to take first?
A. Raise head of bed to 90 degrees
B. Turn patient to left lateral decubitus position
C. Notify health care provider immediately
D. Have patient perform the Valsalva maneuver Correct Ans - B
The acceptable macronutrient distribution range for carbohydrates is
a. 20-30% of cal
b. 45-65% of cal
c. 10-25% of cal
d. 30-45% of cal Correct Ans - b. 45-65% of cal
Which action is initially taken by the nurse to verify correct position of a
newly placed small-bore feeding tube?
A. Placing an order for x-ray film examination to check position
B. Confirming the distal mark on the feeding tube after taping
C. Testing the pH of the gastric contents and observing the color
D. Auscultating over the gastric area as air is injected into the tube
Correct Ans - A
After the liver converts fructose and galactose into glucose, it is released
into the bloodstream, elevating blood glucose levels. This causes the
release of _____ from the pancreas Correct Ans - insulin
The catheter of the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) becomes
occluded. Place the steps for caring for the occluded catheter in the order
in which the nurse would perform them.
A. Attempt to aspirate a clot.
B. Temporarily stop the infusion.
C. Flush the line with saline or heparin.
D. Use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol. Correct Ans -
B, C, A, D
Which correctly defines the total fiber adequate intake?
a. 25 g/day for women and 38 g/day for men
b. 10 g/day for women and 15 g/day for men
c. 30 g/day for women and 35 g/day for men
,d. 28 g/day for women and 33 g/day for men Correct Ans - a. 25
g/day for women and 38 g/day for men
Based on knowledge of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), the nurse anticipates
the presence of which bacteria when reviewing the laboratory data for a
patient suspected of having PUD?
A.Micrococcus
B.Staphylococcus
C.Corynebacterium
D.Helicobacter pylori Correct Ans - D
AMDR (acceptable macronutrient distribution range) for fats is
a. 20-30% of cal
b. 45-65% of cal
c.35-45% of cal
d. 20-35% of cal Correct Ans - d. 20-35% of cal
AMDR (acceptable macronutrient distribution range) for protein is
a. 10-35% of cal
b.20-35% of cal
c. 15-25% of cal
d. 35-45% of cal Correct Ans - a. 10-35% of cal
The nurse is assessing a patient receiving enteral feedings via a small-bore
nasogastric tube. Which assessment findings need further intervention?
A. Gastric pH of 4.0 during placement check
B. Weight gain of 1 pound over the course of a week
C. Active bowel sounds in the four abdominal quadrants
D. Gastric residual aspirate of 350 mL for the second consecutive time
Correct Ans - D
The home care nurse is seeing the following patients. Which patient is at
greatest risk for experiencing inadequate nutrition?
A. A 55-year-old obese man recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus
B. A recently widowed 76-year-old woman recovering from a mild stroke
C. A 22-year-old mother with a 3-year-old toddler who had tonsillectomy
surgery
D. A 46-year-old man recovering at home following coronary artery bypass
surgery Correct Ans - B
, What are the water-soluble vitamins? Correct Ans - C and B-
complex
Which statement made by a patient of a 2-month-old infant requires
further education?
A. I'll continue to use formula for the baby until he is a least a year old.
B. I'll make sure that I purchase iron-fortified formula.
C. I'll start feeding the baby cereal at 4 months.
D. I'm going to alternate formula with whole milk starting next month.
Correct Ans - D
What are the fat-soluble vitamins? Correct Ans - D, E, K, A
The nurse is checking feeding tube placement. Place the steps in the proper
sequence.
A. Draw 5-10 mL gastric aspirate into syringe.
B. Flush tube with 30 mL air.
C. Mix aspirate in syringe and place in medicine cup.
D. Observe color of gastric aspirate.
E. Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves
F. Dip pH strip into gastric aspirate.
G. Compare strip with color chart from manufacturer. Correct Ans -
E, B, A, D, C, F, G
Which vitamin aids in iron absorption?
a. vitamin B
b. vitamin C
c. vitamin E
d. vitamin D Correct Ans - vitamin C
The nurse is teaching a program on healthy nutrition at the senior
community center. Which points should be included in the program for
older adults? (Select all that apply.)
A. Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, which impair drug absorption.
B. Increase the amount of carbohydrates for energy.
C. Take a multivitamin that includes vitamin D for bone health.
D. Cheese and eggs are good sources of protein.
E. Limit fluids to decrease the risk of edema. Correct Ans - A, C, D
Comprehensive Fundamentals Of Nursing
Which statement made by an adult patient demonstrates understanding of
healthy nutrition teaching?
A. I need to stop eating red meat.
B. I will increase the servings of fruit juice to four a day.
C. I will make sure that I eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly.
D. I will not eat so many dark green vegetables and eat more yellow
vegetables. Correct Ans - C
Monosaccharides Correct Ans - Simple carbohydrates (glucose,
fructose, galactose)
The nurse teaches a patient who has had surgery to increase which
nutrient to help with tissue repair?
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Vitamin
D. Carbohydrate Correct Ans - B
Disaccharides Correct Ans - Simple carbohydrates (sucrose,
lactose, maltose)
The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing dysphagia. Which
interventions help decrease the risk of aspiration during feeding? (Select
all that apply.)
A. Sit the patient upright in a chair.
B. Give liquids at the end of the meal.
C. Place food in the strong side of the mouth.
D. Provide thin foods to make it easier to swallow.
E. Feed the patient slowly, allowing time to chew and swallow.
F. Encourage patient to lie down to rest for 30 minutes after eating.
Correct Ans - A, C, E
Polysaccharides Correct Ans - Complex carbohydrates (starch,
fiber, glycogen)
,The nurse suspects that the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN)
through a central venous catheter (CVC) has an air embolus. What action
does the nurse need to take first?
A. Raise head of bed to 90 degrees
B. Turn patient to left lateral decubitus position
C. Notify health care provider immediately
D. Have patient perform the Valsalva maneuver Correct Ans - B
The acceptable macronutrient distribution range for carbohydrates is
a. 20-30% of cal
b. 45-65% of cal
c. 10-25% of cal
d. 30-45% of cal Correct Ans - b. 45-65% of cal
Which action is initially taken by the nurse to verify correct position of a
newly placed small-bore feeding tube?
A. Placing an order for x-ray film examination to check position
B. Confirming the distal mark on the feeding tube after taping
C. Testing the pH of the gastric contents and observing the color
D. Auscultating over the gastric area as air is injected into the tube
Correct Ans - A
After the liver converts fructose and galactose into glucose, it is released
into the bloodstream, elevating blood glucose levels. This causes the
release of _____ from the pancreas Correct Ans - insulin
The catheter of the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) becomes
occluded. Place the steps for caring for the occluded catheter in the order
in which the nurse would perform them.
A. Attempt to aspirate a clot.
B. Temporarily stop the infusion.
C. Flush the line with saline or heparin.
D. Use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol. Correct Ans -
B, C, A, D
Which correctly defines the total fiber adequate intake?
a. 25 g/day for women and 38 g/day for men
b. 10 g/day for women and 15 g/day for men
c. 30 g/day for women and 35 g/day for men
,d. 28 g/day for women and 33 g/day for men Correct Ans - a. 25
g/day for women and 38 g/day for men
Based on knowledge of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), the nurse anticipates
the presence of which bacteria when reviewing the laboratory data for a
patient suspected of having PUD?
A.Micrococcus
B.Staphylococcus
C.Corynebacterium
D.Helicobacter pylori Correct Ans - D
AMDR (acceptable macronutrient distribution range) for fats is
a. 20-30% of cal
b. 45-65% of cal
c.35-45% of cal
d. 20-35% of cal Correct Ans - d. 20-35% of cal
AMDR (acceptable macronutrient distribution range) for protein is
a. 10-35% of cal
b.20-35% of cal
c. 15-25% of cal
d. 35-45% of cal Correct Ans - a. 10-35% of cal
The nurse is assessing a patient receiving enteral feedings via a small-bore
nasogastric tube. Which assessment findings need further intervention?
A. Gastric pH of 4.0 during placement check
B. Weight gain of 1 pound over the course of a week
C. Active bowel sounds in the four abdominal quadrants
D. Gastric residual aspirate of 350 mL for the second consecutive time
Correct Ans - D
The home care nurse is seeing the following patients. Which patient is at
greatest risk for experiencing inadequate nutrition?
A. A 55-year-old obese man recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus
B. A recently widowed 76-year-old woman recovering from a mild stroke
C. A 22-year-old mother with a 3-year-old toddler who had tonsillectomy
surgery
D. A 46-year-old man recovering at home following coronary artery bypass
surgery Correct Ans - B
, What are the water-soluble vitamins? Correct Ans - C and B-
complex
Which statement made by a patient of a 2-month-old infant requires
further education?
A. I'll continue to use formula for the baby until he is a least a year old.
B. I'll make sure that I purchase iron-fortified formula.
C. I'll start feeding the baby cereal at 4 months.
D. I'm going to alternate formula with whole milk starting next month.
Correct Ans - D
What are the fat-soluble vitamins? Correct Ans - D, E, K, A
The nurse is checking feeding tube placement. Place the steps in the proper
sequence.
A. Draw 5-10 mL gastric aspirate into syringe.
B. Flush tube with 30 mL air.
C. Mix aspirate in syringe and place in medicine cup.
D. Observe color of gastric aspirate.
E. Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves
F. Dip pH strip into gastric aspirate.
G. Compare strip with color chart from manufacturer. Correct Ans -
E, B, A, D, C, F, G
Which vitamin aids in iron absorption?
a. vitamin B
b. vitamin C
c. vitamin E
d. vitamin D Correct Ans - vitamin C
The nurse is teaching a program on healthy nutrition at the senior
community center. Which points should be included in the program for
older adults? (Select all that apply.)
A. Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, which impair drug absorption.
B. Increase the amount of carbohydrates for energy.
C. Take a multivitamin that includes vitamin D for bone health.
D. Cheese and eggs are good sources of protein.
E. Limit fluids to decrease the risk of edema. Correct Ans - A, C, D
