EPRI: Chemistry – Questions With Correct Answers
Properly Controlled Power Plant Chemistry Program ✔️Ans -The
following are the purpose of:
-Protect the reactor coolant system pressure boundary integrity
-Protect fuel cladding integrity and fuel performance
Minimize out-of-core radiation fields
-Minimize corrosion of all secondary plant and auxiliary system components
General Atomic Structure ✔️Ans -Dense nucleus includes protons
(+) and neutrons (0) surrounded by dense cloud of electrons in describe
orbits (known as shells)
ion ✔️Ans -atom that is electrically neutral; aka = amount of
protons & electrons
Cations ✔️Ans -positively charged ions
Anions ✔️Ans -negatively charged ions
properties ✔️Ans -atoms with same # of electrons in outermost
shell will have similar ______
8 ✔️Ans -atoms want to complete their outermost shell by having
how many electrons(in the outermost shell)?
2 ✔️Ans -how many electrons does the first shell of an atom need
to be complete?
Positive Valence ✔️Ans -measure of number of electrons that an
atom can give up to leave a completed outermost shell
Negative Valence ✔️Ans -measure of number of electrons that an
atom can take in to have a completed outermost shell
4 ✔️Ans -Atoms don't want to give up/take in more than how
many electrons?
,Ionic Bond ✔️Ans -What type of chemical bonding transfers
electrons?
Covalent Bond ✔️Ans -What type of chemical bonding shares
electrons?
Balanced ✔️Ans -All reactions must be _________; reactants must be
accounted for in products
Reduction Reaction ✔️Ans -What type of chemical reaction is when
a substance gains electrons? AKA GER
Oxidation Reaction ✔️Ans -What type of chemical reaction is when
a substance loses electrons? AKA LEO
Gains Electrons Reduced ✔️Ans -GER stands for
Loses Electrons Oxidation ✔️Ans -LEO stands for
Reducing Agent ✔️Ans -The agent that supplies electrons is the?
Oxidizing Agent ✔️Ans -The agent that takes away lost electrons is
the?
Half-Cell Reactions ✔️Ans -What type of chemical reaction can
show how electrons transfer into and out of individual reactants/ products?
Temperature, Catalyst, Concentration ✔️Ans -What are the 3
factors that affect reaction rates?
increases ✔️Ans -What happens to the reaction rate if you increase
the temperature?
reaction ✔️Ans -The presence of a catalyst in a chemical reaction
increases the rate at which ________ occurs?
Catalyst ✔️Ans -What forms an intermediate product with 1+ of
reactants which lowers activation energy for other reactants; intermediate
product breaks up and releases uncombined ______ and combined products?
, Original ✔️Ans -Increasing concentration of reactant also results in
greater chance of other reactants colliding with ______ reactant
Concentration ✔️Ans -rate of chemical reaction is directly
proportional to _________ of its reactants
Acids ✔️Ans -a compound that increases concentration of
positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) (and hydronium ions (H30+)) when
dissolved in water
Bases ✔️Ans -a compound that increases concentration of
negatively charged hydroxyl ions when dissolved in water (OH-)
less ✔️Ans -Acids have a pH balance ______ than 7
greater ✔️Ans -Bases have a pH balance _____ than 7
pH ✔️Ans -measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution
Escape ✔️Ans -When pressure is reduced and exposed to the
atmosphere what happens to the gases in the solution?
Pressure ✔️Ans -Affects solubility and can be defined by various
gas laws?
Temperature ✔️Ans -When _______ of solution is near freezing/
boiling, gases are less soluble?
leaving a carbonated drink in the sun, causing it to go flat ✔️Ans -
What is an example of temperature affecting gas in solutions?
Impurities ✔️Ans -Corrosion products, material design, leaks,
make up water impurities, chemical addition impurities, and maintenance
activities (such as poor FME or improper use of chemicals) are all sources of?
Corrosion, fouling, plugging, mechanical binding, and radiation dose
✔️Ans -What are problems of impurities?
Properly Controlled Power Plant Chemistry Program ✔️Ans -The
following are the purpose of:
-Protect the reactor coolant system pressure boundary integrity
-Protect fuel cladding integrity and fuel performance
Minimize out-of-core radiation fields
-Minimize corrosion of all secondary plant and auxiliary system components
General Atomic Structure ✔️Ans -Dense nucleus includes protons
(+) and neutrons (0) surrounded by dense cloud of electrons in describe
orbits (known as shells)
ion ✔️Ans -atom that is electrically neutral; aka = amount of
protons & electrons
Cations ✔️Ans -positively charged ions
Anions ✔️Ans -negatively charged ions
properties ✔️Ans -atoms with same # of electrons in outermost
shell will have similar ______
8 ✔️Ans -atoms want to complete their outermost shell by having
how many electrons(in the outermost shell)?
2 ✔️Ans -how many electrons does the first shell of an atom need
to be complete?
Positive Valence ✔️Ans -measure of number of electrons that an
atom can give up to leave a completed outermost shell
Negative Valence ✔️Ans -measure of number of electrons that an
atom can take in to have a completed outermost shell
4 ✔️Ans -Atoms don't want to give up/take in more than how
many electrons?
,Ionic Bond ✔️Ans -What type of chemical bonding transfers
electrons?
Covalent Bond ✔️Ans -What type of chemical bonding shares
electrons?
Balanced ✔️Ans -All reactions must be _________; reactants must be
accounted for in products
Reduction Reaction ✔️Ans -What type of chemical reaction is when
a substance gains electrons? AKA GER
Oxidation Reaction ✔️Ans -What type of chemical reaction is when
a substance loses electrons? AKA LEO
Gains Electrons Reduced ✔️Ans -GER stands for
Loses Electrons Oxidation ✔️Ans -LEO stands for
Reducing Agent ✔️Ans -The agent that supplies electrons is the?
Oxidizing Agent ✔️Ans -The agent that takes away lost electrons is
the?
Half-Cell Reactions ✔️Ans -What type of chemical reaction can
show how electrons transfer into and out of individual reactants/ products?
Temperature, Catalyst, Concentration ✔️Ans -What are the 3
factors that affect reaction rates?
increases ✔️Ans -What happens to the reaction rate if you increase
the temperature?
reaction ✔️Ans -The presence of a catalyst in a chemical reaction
increases the rate at which ________ occurs?
Catalyst ✔️Ans -What forms an intermediate product with 1+ of
reactants which lowers activation energy for other reactants; intermediate
product breaks up and releases uncombined ______ and combined products?
, Original ✔️Ans -Increasing concentration of reactant also results in
greater chance of other reactants colliding with ______ reactant
Concentration ✔️Ans -rate of chemical reaction is directly
proportional to _________ of its reactants
Acids ✔️Ans -a compound that increases concentration of
positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) (and hydronium ions (H30+)) when
dissolved in water
Bases ✔️Ans -a compound that increases concentration of
negatively charged hydroxyl ions when dissolved in water (OH-)
less ✔️Ans -Acids have a pH balance ______ than 7
greater ✔️Ans -Bases have a pH balance _____ than 7
pH ✔️Ans -measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution
Escape ✔️Ans -When pressure is reduced and exposed to the
atmosphere what happens to the gases in the solution?
Pressure ✔️Ans -Affects solubility and can be defined by various
gas laws?
Temperature ✔️Ans -When _______ of solution is near freezing/
boiling, gases are less soluble?
leaving a carbonated drink in the sun, causing it to go flat ✔️Ans -
What is an example of temperature affecting gas in solutions?
Impurities ✔️Ans -Corrosion products, material design, leaks,
make up water impurities, chemical addition impurities, and maintenance
activities (such as poor FME or improper use of chemicals) are all sources of?
Corrosion, fouling, plugging, mechanical binding, and radiation dose
✔️Ans -What are problems of impurities?
