HPEX 375 :CH. 0-2 |36 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

1954 year the American College of Sports Medicine was founded D.B. Dill director of the Harvard Fatigue Lab from the time it opened in 1927 until it closed in 1947 years of the Harvard Fatigue Lab Hans Kraus this man's research showed that American children performed poorly on a minimal muscular fitness test than European children; stimulating present day interest in phys. activity and health A.V. Hill Nobel Prize winner, recognized for his research on heat production during muscle contraction and recovery Otto Meyerhof Nobel Prize winner, recognized for his research on the relationship of O2 consumption and lactic acid in muscle August Krogh Nobel Prize winner, recognized for his research on the function of capillary circulation and vasodilation; fore-fathered the design of exphys intrumentation 1922 the year that A.V. Hill and Otto Meyerhof shared the Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine juxtacrine signaling type of cell signaling; cell communication via cell-to-cell contact paracrine signaling type of cell signaling; cell communication via production of a signal to induce changes in nearby cells autocrine signaling type of cell signaling; cell communication via the release of a hormone that binds to receptors on the same cell intracrine signaling type of cell signaling; cell communication via acting inside a cell, regulating intracellular events homeostasis the maintenance of a constant or unchanging "normal" internal environment during unstressed (resting) conditions steady state a constant internal environment, but the internal environment may not necessarily be normal or at rest adaptation a change in the structure and function of a cell or organ system that results in an improved ability to maintain homeostasis during stressful conditions biological control system a series of interconnected components that maintain a chemical or physical parameter of the body near a constant value negative feedback system type of biological control system; increase in stimulus results in decreased response, back to homeostasis positive feedback system type of biological control system; increase in stimulus results in increased response, to increase the original stimulus gain the "capability" of the control system effector, control center, receptor the components of a biological control system dietary induced thermogenesis the thermic effect of food basal metabolic rate the rate of energy expenditure, measured under standardized conditions physical activity unstructured muscle movement using energy exercise structured muscle movement using energy physical fitness the set of attributes that people have or develop that relate to the ability to perform physical activity basal metabolic rate, physical activity, dietary induced thermogenesis burning calories is done via ____________, ____________, ____________. (from highest percent of calories burned, to least) AAHPERD (American Association of Health, Physical Exercise, Recreation and Dance) youth fitness test developed by this association in 1957 that established national norms and was used in physical education programs nationwide physical inactivity In 1992, the American Heart Association made ____________ a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. American College of Sports Medicine ACSM stands for ____________. 120/80 mmHg average healthy blood pressure laminar flow streamlined blood flow where blood flows slower along the vessel wall and faster towards the center of the vessel's circumference