NEBOSH NCC1, Top Exam Questions and answers, 100% Accurate. Graded A+

NEBOSH NCC1, Top Exam Questions and answers, 100% Accurate. Graded A+ Construction issues - -Transitory nature of workers Temporary nature of construction activities and the constantly changing workplace Time pressures from clients and principal contractors Weather conditions Levels of numeracy and literacy of workers Non-English speaking workers High risk areas for injuries in construction - -Falls from height Slips, trips and falls Being struck by falling/moving objects Manual handling Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007 - -Apply to all construction projects Duties placed on clients, designers and all construction workers CDM regs - notifiable projects - -Construction phase will last longer than 30 days Construction phase will involve more than 500 person days at work Duty holders for notifiable projects - -Client - have most influence Designers - have responsibility beyond construction phase Contractors - competence CDM Co-ordinator - advise client of their duties, co- ordinates others Principal contractor - safe working, co- ordination and co-operation between contractors CDM client duties - -Appoint competent persons Ensure suitable mgmt of welfare Allow sufficient time and resources Provide pre-construction info Appoint duty holders for notifiable projects Retain and provide access to health and safety file CDM co-ordinator CDM duties - -Advise and assist client with their duties Notify HSE Co-ordinate H&S aspects of design work and co-operate with others Facilitate good communication Liaise with principal contractor re ongoing design Pass on pre-construction information Prepare/update H&S file Designer CDM duties - -Check client is aware of their duties Eliminate hazards and reduce risks during design Provide information about remaining risks Check CDM co-ordinator has been appointed Provide any information needed for H&S file Principal contractors CDM duties - -Plan, manage and monitor construction phase Prepare, develop and implement a written plan and site rules Give contractors relevant parts of the plan Provide suitable welfare facilities Check competence of all appointees Site inductions and further info and training Consult with workers Liaise with CDM-c Secure the site Contractor CDM duties - -Check client aware of duties Plan, manage and monitor own work and that of workers Check competence Train own employees Comply with part 4 of CDM regs Ensure adequate welfare facilities Co-operate with principal contractor Pre-construction information - -Description of the project Management requirements and provisions Environmental restrictions and existing risks on site Design and construction hazards Health and safety file Construction phase H&S plan - -Relevant info from pre-construction information Project description and programme or works with key dates Identify the organisation in place (mgmt structure, responsibilities and "who does what") Identify arrangements in place to manage H&S risks Show how construction work will be co-ordinated and how consultation will be achieved Contain the H&S file Health and safety file contains: - -Brief description of the work carried out As built dwgs Survey info (e.g. Asbestos) and groundwork plans Location of services Key structural issues and safe loading of floors, roofs etc. Safety info regarding any hazardous substances or materials used Information re maintenance issues Access to plant and equipment and the methods to be adopted Manufacturers' instructions and manuals for new equipment included in the project Sources of external construction H&S information - -National legislation HSE publications British/International/Europe standards Material safety data sheets Trade associations e.g. CITB, CIRIA Journals and magazines e.g. SHP Professional bodies e.g IOSH Internet e.g Initial site assessment - -Previous and current use of the land History of the site Area of site: restrictions Topography and ground conditions Other activities on site Proximity and features of the surroundings Means of access Presence of overhead or buried services Site planning - -Roadways Storage Safe loading/unloading Site offices Lighting Signs Appropriate general site control measures - -Site planning Preparation for specialist activities Site security and means of protecting the public Arrangements with client/occupier of premises Site inductions Preparation for specialist activities - -Lifting operations - cranes need good access, firm ground, plenty of room Piling - also need good access and space, noise and dust can be issues Steelwork Site security and protecting the public - -Perimeter fencing - 2m high, robust Gates secured when not in use Plant and chemicals secure Safe passage for public Sheeting of scaffolding, wrapping of protrusions Safe control of children Environmental concerns - dust, wheel washes Arrangements with clients and occupies of premises - -Site rules Co-operation and consultation Shared facilities Protection of other employees and visitors Site inductions - -Details of site arrangements Conditions of work Emergency procedures Special hazards, permit to work requirements Exclusion and no-go areas Use of mobile telephones and radios Working in occupied premises - -Isolating areas of work Work out of hours Wardens to inspect all occupied areas to ensure safety More frequent cleaning and waste removal Safety briefs for occupants, aware of hazards, understand safety signs etc. Provision of Health and Welfare facilities - -Requirement under CDM 2007 regs Schedule 2 Welfare facilities - -Sanitary conveniences - separate for men and women Washing facilities - adjacent to wc's and changing areas, hot and cold water Drinking water Accommodation for clothing Rest and eating facilities - preparation of meals and boiling water Ventilation, heating and lighting Health and safety (First Aid) Regulations 1982 - -Place a duty on the employer to make an assessment of the facilities and personnel that will be appropriate Factors to consider first aid provision - -Hazards and risks on-site Size of the workforce Nature and distribution of the workforce Accident history of the organisation How far is the site from ambulance/hospital Needs of travelling and remote workers Nature of shared facilities on site Annual leave and holiday requirements of first-aides and appointed persons Safe movement of pedestrians on construction sites - -Hazards: Slips trips and falls Falls from height Collisions or striking Environmental conditions Control measures for pedestrian hazards - -Risk assessment to identify hazards Floor surfaces Designated walkways, traffic routes Signage PPE Information, instruction, training and supervision Safe movement of vehicles and plant - -Hazards: Loss of control Overturning Collisions Site layout Gradients Excavations Scaffolding False work Loading/unloading, sheeting, coupling Control measures for vehicle movement - -Suitability and sufficiency of traffic routes Management of vehicle movements Suitability and maintenance of vehicles Driver protection Segregation of pedestrians and vehicles Site rules Selection and training of drivers Driver competence Driving at work - -Factors: distance, traffic and driving hours, work schedules, weather conditions, stress or fatigue Road safety: safe driving policy, monitor performance, organisation and structure Control measures: elimination, alternative transport, vehicle sharing, schedules, driver competence Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDS) - -Wide ranging term covers all disorders that affect the body's muscles, ligaments, tendons, joints, nerves and other soft tissues Work-related Upper Limb Disorders (WRULDs) - -Injuries occurring in the upper body (hands, arms, wrists, fingers, neck and shoulders) usually affecting the soft tissue, and caused or contributed to by a workers activities in the workplace Examples of repetitive construction activities that can cause MSD's and WRULD's - -Digging Kerb laying Movement and fixing of plasterboard Placement and finishing of concrete slabs Bricklaying Erecting and dismantling scaffolds Use of display screen equipment Factors contributing to ill-health - -Task - physical requirements, e.g. posture and physical action, forces involved, repetition, duration and recovery time Environment - particularly lighting, e.g. illumination, contrast, glare. Cold or damp conditions should also be considered Equipment - physical characteristics of the equipment and position in relation to user. Also consider worker interaction with the work equipment itself - can it be adjusted? Manual handling hazards - -Back injuries - MSDs - caused by twisting, lifting, of pushing loads Muscular problems - strains and sprains Hernias - rupture of the musculature of the body cavity wall Cuts, abrasions and bruising Bone injuries - cracks and fractures Work-related upper limb disorder (WRULDs) - these affect the soft tissues of the wrist, neck, shoulders and arms Exposure to hazardous substances Assessment of manual handling risks - -Manual Handling Operations Regualtions 1992 (MHOR) identify four factors to be considered: T - Task; nature of the handling operation and identification of high risk activities I - Individual capacity; physical characteristics of the person doing the handling operations and their ability in terms of knowledge and skills L - Load; including measurements of the objects being handled E - Environment; immediate physical surroundings within which the handling operation takes place Minimising Manual Handling Risks - Task - -Sequencing Work routine Using teams Mechanising or automating tasks Minimising Manual Handling Risks - Individual - -* Training, instruction, information and supervision * Employees should understand the importance of: - design of tasks, including workplace layout - recognising different types of loads and assessing the weight and balance of loads to decide which loads can be handled alone and which should be team-handled - safe lifting and handling techniques - correct use of PPE - correct use of mechanical aids * Design characteristics of handling tasks and use of mechanical equipment can greatly improve manual handling on construction sites Minimising Manual Handling Risks - Load - -When assessing a load, the following aspects should be considered: - weight and size - making the load easier to grasp - making the load more stable and rigid - making the load less damaging to hold - markings Minimising Manual Handling Risks - Working Environment - -Conditions in which manual handling is carried out should be assessed, with consideration given to: - workplace design - floor conditions - changes of level - atmospheric conditions - Personal protective equipment (PPE) Lifting and Moving Equipment - -Lifting and moving devices fall into two categories: Mechanically-operated e.g. forklift trucks; telehandlers; dumper trucks; excavators; lifts and hoists; conveyors; and mobile and tower cranes Manually-operated e.g. wheelbarrows; sack trucks and pallet trucks