Nutrition and Physical Activity Chapter 12 Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+

Nutrition and Physical Activity Chapter 12 Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+ physical activity - Answers any movement produced by muscles that increases energy expenditure; includes occupational, household, leisure-time, and transportation activities leisure-time physical activity - Answers any activity not related to a person's occupation; includes competitive sports, recreational activities, and planned exercise training exercise - Answers a subcategory of leisure-time physical activity; any activity that is purposeful, planned, and structured physical fitness - Answers the ability to carry out daily tasks with vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue, and with ample energy to enjoy leisure-time pursuits and meet unforeseen emergencies aerobic exercise - Answers exercise that involves the repetitive movement of large muscle groups, increasing the body's use of oxygen and promoting cardiovascular health resistance training - Answers exercise in which our muscles act against resistance stretching - Answers exercise in which muscles are gently lengthened using slow, controlled movements overload principle - Answers placing an extra physical demand on your body in order to improve your fitness level hypertrophy - Answers the increase in strength and size that results from repeated work to a specific muscle or muscle group atrophy - Answers a decrease in the size and strength of muscles that occurs when they are not worked adequately FITT principle - Answers the principle used to achieve an appropriate overload for physical training; stands for frequency, intensity, time, and type of activity frequency - Answers refers to the number of activity sessions per week you perform intensity - Answers the amount of effort expended during an activity, or how difficult the activity is to perform low-intensity activities - Answers activities that cause very mild increases in breathing, sweating, and heart rate moderate-intensity activities - Answers activities that cause moderate increases in breathing, sweating, and heart rate vigorous-intensity activities - Answers activities that produce significant increases in breathing, sweating, and heart rate; talking is difficult when exercising at this intensity maximal heart rate - Answers the rate at which your heart beats during maximal-intenisty exercise time of activity - Answers how long each exercise session lasts type of activity - Answers the range of physical activities a person can engage in to promote health and physical fitness warm-up - Answers also called preliminary exercise; includes activities that prepare you for an exercise bout, including stretching, calisthenics, and movements specific to the exercise bout cool-down - Answers activities done after an exercise session is completed; should be gradual and allow your body to slowly recover from exercise adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - Answers the common currency of energy for virtually all cells of the body creatine phosphate (CP) - Answers a high-energy compound that can be broken down for energy and used to regenerate ATP anaerobic - Answers "without oxygen"; the term used to refer to metabolic reactions that occur in the absence of oxygen glycolysis - Answers the breakdown of glucose; yields two ATP molecules and two pyruvic acid molecules for each molecule of glucose pyruvic acid - Answers the primary end product of glycolysis