Medical/AMLS Final review

Headache, nuchal rigidity, fever/chills and photophobia is a classic sign of: - Answer- Meningitis Patients who have headache and fever should be assessed for: (which sign(s)?) - Answer- Kernig's (pain when extension of knee at sitting position; 'K' in Kernigs and knee) and Brudzinsky's signs (involuntary flexing of legs when flexing neck). Positive tests would indicate meningitis. Fluid shifting in lungs is: - Answer- ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrom); occurs during shock or can also happen because of pneumonia, aspiration, pancreatitis or drug overdose. High mortality Epiglottitis VS Croup VS Meningitis - Answer- Epiglottis: High grade fever (102*F), Sore throat, Drooling, Leaning forward Croup: Seal bark cough at night, Low grade fever(102*F), Stridor Meningitis: Stiff neck, fever/chills, photophobia, Fever with seizures. Dental pain, fever, dysphagia and possible firm red pronounced swelling around throat: - Answer- Ludwig's Angina Activation of the RAA Pathway is caused by: - Answer- Dehydration, Drop in Na, or Hemorrhage (which all, essentially, can lead to shock) With regards to RAA: When a drop in BP is sensed by kidneys, they will release ________ which will - Answer- Renin(think "RENal"/"RENin"; will combine with angiotensinogen (in blood) to make Angiotensin I. There's an enzyme in your lungs called ACE which stands for ________. As Angiotensin-1 is carried from your blood stream to your lungs, it combines with ACE and becomes _________. - Answer- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme; Angiotensin-2. Angiotensin-2 specifically activates the ________________ to secrete _______________ - Answer- adrenal cortex; aldosterone aldosterone - Answer- Causes water and salt retention in blood, thus increasing blood pressure. ADH vs Aldosterone - Answer- What's the difference between ADH and Aldosterone? ADH Keeps water, and water only; Aldosterone keeps water and salt. ........ If you eat fo