increased ICP
from of the three components of the skull
a
life-threatening situation resulting an increase in
any or all
> ( brain tissue
,
blood , CSF )
.µµmmnn①
assessment
priority needs
mechanism of injury
*
history →
* level of consciousness
* maintain respiratory function
* maintain fluid +
electrolyte balance
* ABCs
* monitor ICP
*
Cushing's triad
* ensure HOB 300
* neuro assessment
monitor vital
*
signs
.
-
medications
* Mannitol → osmotic diuretic
given to decrease ICP by plasma expansion and osmotic effect
* Hypertonic saline -
> does not cross blood brain barrier & draws CSF out to reduce ICP
( 0 head
* Corticosteroids → control the edema
surrounding tumors & abscesses injuries)
Barbiturates >
dampen effects of environmental stimuli which t cerebral metabolism and ICP
°
* -
• .
* Anti epileptics
- →
seizures can increase ICP
complications at risk for safety concerns
*
inadequate cerebral perfusion
* brain ischemia
* confusion
\ , risk
injury
/
* cerebral herniation
* brain infarction *
agitation of
complications of
* disk of seizures
*
immobility
* disuse syndrome ( from
immobility)
nursing interventions
maintain → HOB 30° labs + diagnostic tests
*
airway
* fluid control -
avoid overhydration * VS neuro assessments . ICP measurements
,
manage hypovolemia MRI CT , MRA CTA EEG
angiography EP studies
-
* . . , , .
-
diuretics * transcranial doppler studies
induced
*
hypocapnia use ABG 's to check
coagulation profile; bytes BUN
-
* CBC ; .
Creatinine 's
☒ monitor ICP * ammonia level tox screen
,
*
body position (prevent extreme neck flexion ) * ABGS
protect from ( restraints PRN )
injury CSF
analysis ( protein cells
glucose)
* * , ,
need for
* nutrition >
glucose
-
health teaching
* nurse must also be aware of the psychological well -
being of patients and their families
need for support information and education of patients families and
caregivers
* . . .
,
from of the three components of the skull
a
life-threatening situation resulting an increase in
any or all
> ( brain tissue
,
blood , CSF )
.µµmmnn①
assessment
priority needs
mechanism of injury
*
history →
* level of consciousness
* maintain respiratory function
* maintain fluid +
electrolyte balance
* ABCs
* monitor ICP
*
Cushing's triad
* ensure HOB 300
* neuro assessment
monitor vital
*
signs
.
-
medications
* Mannitol → osmotic diuretic
given to decrease ICP by plasma expansion and osmotic effect
* Hypertonic saline -
> does not cross blood brain barrier & draws CSF out to reduce ICP
( 0 head
* Corticosteroids → control the edema
surrounding tumors & abscesses injuries)
Barbiturates >
dampen effects of environmental stimuli which t cerebral metabolism and ICP
°
* -
• .
* Anti epileptics
- →
seizures can increase ICP
complications at risk for safety concerns
*
inadequate cerebral perfusion
* brain ischemia
* confusion
\ , risk
injury
/
* cerebral herniation
* brain infarction *
agitation of
complications of
* disk of seizures
*
immobility
* disuse syndrome ( from
immobility)
nursing interventions
maintain → HOB 30° labs + diagnostic tests
*
airway
* fluid control -
avoid overhydration * VS neuro assessments . ICP measurements
,
manage hypovolemia MRI CT , MRA CTA EEG
angiography EP studies
-
* . . , , .
-
diuretics * transcranial doppler studies
induced
*
hypocapnia use ABG 's to check
coagulation profile; bytes BUN
-
* CBC ; .
Creatinine 's
☒ monitor ICP * ammonia level tox screen
,
*
body position (prevent extreme neck flexion ) * ABGS
protect from ( restraints PRN )
injury CSF
analysis ( protein cells
glucose)
* * , ,
need for
* nutrition >
glucose
-
health teaching
* nurse must also be aware of the psychological well -
being of patients and their families
need for support information and education of patients families and
caregivers
* . . .
,
