BIOL 439 - Quiz Questions | 2026/2027 | Answers Correct |
With Complete Solutions
Taxol is used to treat cancer, what type uses it the most
Breast cancer
Why are endophytic that naturally produces taxol, why is it in
the plant tissue?
Taxol production is inhibited by light. Light produces stress, so
it produces other compounds
What is the difference between a type 1 and type 2
photosensitizer?
Type 1 uses a substrate, type 2 uses an excited 1O2
How are these similar to enzymes (type 1 and type 2)?
They catalyze reaction without being consumed and after thy
return to their original state
Name 2-3 categories of volatiles
Phenols, aliphatic sulfur compounds, mallard reaction products,
lipid oxidation
What would make a compound or an atom photoactive?
- Uv radiation and must have double bonds (compound must be
able to interact with the radiation to go from ground state to
excited state)
- C = speed of light
,If a compound absorbs a photon, what happens to the energy if it
doesn't interact with another molecules
Emitted back to the environment as heat
As the number of conjugate pi bonds increases (double bonds
increase), what happens to the corresponding wavelegth of the
photon that it absorbed?
A longer wavelength required to absorb it
Explain how singlet oxygen (1O2) is photochemicly formed and
how it can damage a molecule
- When a molecule absorbs a photon, ground state too excited
and it needs to do something the energy and it attacks a
biomolecule
- It forms a hydroxyl radical that damages biological molecule
What is the most common mechanism by which
photosynthesizers will damage another molecule?
- Through the creation of free radicals
- That radical is most often carried by hydroxy
How do photosynthesizers cause DNA damage?
End up with crossing the thymine in DNA ex: Psoralen
What gives hops it's smell?
Terpenes
Name a type of aggregate that stabilizes anthocyanins in vivo
Intramolecular/ intermolecular co-pigmentation
Briefly describe the steps to purify allelochemicals from tissues
, extraction from tissue using appropriate solvent
The common effect of allelopathic chemicals causes water loss
in plants vacuoles. What is it?
Tonoplast leakage
Provide the chemical name or class of the structure by the black
walnut tree
juglone
Red cabbage is rich in this flavonoid, which one?
anthocyanin - blue
How are flavonoids transported in plants, give one example of
the mechanism
ABC (ATP Binding Cite) Transporters
Name the type of uv radiation to activate the allelochemicals in
the mesophyll layer of the leaf
UV A
What is the largest class of flavonoids?
Flavones and flavonols
Picture from first slide scientific name and compound produced
by it
taxus brevifolia, taxol
What is a maillard product?
Gives flavour and colour, pigment, caramelization from heating
With Complete Solutions
Taxol is used to treat cancer, what type uses it the most
Breast cancer
Why are endophytic that naturally produces taxol, why is it in
the plant tissue?
Taxol production is inhibited by light. Light produces stress, so
it produces other compounds
What is the difference between a type 1 and type 2
photosensitizer?
Type 1 uses a substrate, type 2 uses an excited 1O2
How are these similar to enzymes (type 1 and type 2)?
They catalyze reaction without being consumed and after thy
return to their original state
Name 2-3 categories of volatiles
Phenols, aliphatic sulfur compounds, mallard reaction products,
lipid oxidation
What would make a compound or an atom photoactive?
- Uv radiation and must have double bonds (compound must be
able to interact with the radiation to go from ground state to
excited state)
- C = speed of light
,If a compound absorbs a photon, what happens to the energy if it
doesn't interact with another molecules
Emitted back to the environment as heat
As the number of conjugate pi bonds increases (double bonds
increase), what happens to the corresponding wavelegth of the
photon that it absorbed?
A longer wavelength required to absorb it
Explain how singlet oxygen (1O2) is photochemicly formed and
how it can damage a molecule
- When a molecule absorbs a photon, ground state too excited
and it needs to do something the energy and it attacks a
biomolecule
- It forms a hydroxyl radical that damages biological molecule
What is the most common mechanism by which
photosynthesizers will damage another molecule?
- Through the creation of free radicals
- That radical is most often carried by hydroxy
How do photosynthesizers cause DNA damage?
End up with crossing the thymine in DNA ex: Psoralen
What gives hops it's smell?
Terpenes
Name a type of aggregate that stabilizes anthocyanins in vivo
Intramolecular/ intermolecular co-pigmentation
Briefly describe the steps to purify allelochemicals from tissues
, extraction from tissue using appropriate solvent
The common effect of allelopathic chemicals causes water loss
in plants vacuoles. What is it?
Tonoplast leakage
Provide the chemical name or class of the structure by the black
walnut tree
juglone
Red cabbage is rich in this flavonoid, which one?
anthocyanin - blue
How are flavonoids transported in plants, give one example of
the mechanism
ABC (ATP Binding Cite) Transporters
Name the type of uv radiation to activate the allelochemicals in
the mesophyll layer of the leaf
UV A
What is the largest class of flavonoids?
Flavones and flavonols
Picture from first slide scientific name and compound produced
by it
taxus brevifolia, taxol
What is a maillard product?
Gives flavour and colour, pigment, caramelization from heating
