NUR 145 GREENVILLE TECHNICAL COLLEGE -
NUR145 Final Review Questions | 2026/2027 | Answers
Correct | With Complete Solutions
myocardial infarction
heart attack
acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
characterized by an acute onset of ischemia that results in
myocardial death
spectrum from unstable angina to non-ST elevation MI and
STEMI
signs and symptoms of ACS
chest pain that occurs suddenly and continues DESPITE rest
and medication (defining symptom)
SOB
indigestion
nausea
anxiety
cool/pale skin
increased HR
increased respiratory rate
signs and symptoms of MI
,pain: unrelieved by rest nitrates, lasts longer than 20 minutes
(can be substernal, retrosternal, epigastric, shoulder, jaw)
n/v
cool/clammy skin
dyspnea
anxiety
confusion
increased HR and BP
EKG changes: ST elevation, Q wave
how long until cellular death
entire heart muscle depth death
20 minutes until cellular death
4-6 hours for entire heart muscle depth death
heart failure
a clinical syndrome resulting from structural or functional
cardiac disorders that impair the ability of a ventricle to fill or
eject blood; the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet
the body's metabolic demands or needs
heart failure is a type of myocardial disease in which there is a
problem with what
contraction of the heart (systolic dysfunction) or filling of the
heart (diastolic function) that may cause pulmonary or systemic
congestion
acute HF
chronic HF
,acute: sudden onset of symptoms over hours or days
chronic: limitations on a daily basis
HF risk factors
HTN
sleep apnea
diabetes
CAD
anemia
smoking
age
alcohol abuse
ethnicity
left-sided HF symptoms
dyspnea
S3 or "ventricular gallop"
dyspnea on exertion
low O2 sat
pulmonary congestion, fine crackles
initial dry, nonproductive cough
oliguria
"DROWNING"
think left-lung
right-sided HF symptoms
JVD
, dependent edema (fluid pooling because of gravity)
hepatomegaly (enlargement of liver)
ascites
viscera and peripheral congestion, coarse crackles
weight gain
"SWELLING"
think right-rest of body
when the right and left side of the heart fail it is called
congestive heart failure
management of patient with HF
oral/IV meds
lifestyle modifications
supplemental O2
surgical intervention: ICD and heart transplant
comprehensive education and counseling to patient and family
medication categories used to treat HF
diuretics
ACE inhibitors
ARBs
beta-blockers
Ivabradine
hydralazine
digoxin
activity management for HF clients
NUR145 Final Review Questions | 2026/2027 | Answers
Correct | With Complete Solutions
myocardial infarction
heart attack
acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
characterized by an acute onset of ischemia that results in
myocardial death
spectrum from unstable angina to non-ST elevation MI and
STEMI
signs and symptoms of ACS
chest pain that occurs suddenly and continues DESPITE rest
and medication (defining symptom)
SOB
indigestion
nausea
anxiety
cool/pale skin
increased HR
increased respiratory rate
signs and symptoms of MI
,pain: unrelieved by rest nitrates, lasts longer than 20 minutes
(can be substernal, retrosternal, epigastric, shoulder, jaw)
n/v
cool/clammy skin
dyspnea
anxiety
confusion
increased HR and BP
EKG changes: ST elevation, Q wave
how long until cellular death
entire heart muscle depth death
20 minutes until cellular death
4-6 hours for entire heart muscle depth death
heart failure
a clinical syndrome resulting from structural or functional
cardiac disorders that impair the ability of a ventricle to fill or
eject blood; the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet
the body's metabolic demands or needs
heart failure is a type of myocardial disease in which there is a
problem with what
contraction of the heart (systolic dysfunction) or filling of the
heart (diastolic function) that may cause pulmonary or systemic
congestion
acute HF
chronic HF
,acute: sudden onset of symptoms over hours or days
chronic: limitations on a daily basis
HF risk factors
HTN
sleep apnea
diabetes
CAD
anemia
smoking
age
alcohol abuse
ethnicity
left-sided HF symptoms
dyspnea
S3 or "ventricular gallop"
dyspnea on exertion
low O2 sat
pulmonary congestion, fine crackles
initial dry, nonproductive cough
oliguria
"DROWNING"
think left-lung
right-sided HF symptoms
JVD
, dependent edema (fluid pooling because of gravity)
hepatomegaly (enlargement of liver)
ascites
viscera and peripheral congestion, coarse crackles
weight gain
"SWELLING"
think right-rest of body
when the right and left side of the heart fail it is called
congestive heart failure
management of patient with HF
oral/IV meds
lifestyle modifications
supplemental O2
surgical intervention: ICD and heart transplant
comprehensive education and counseling to patient and family
medication categories used to treat HF
diuretics
ACE inhibitors
ARBs
beta-blockers
Ivabradine
hydralazine
digoxin
activity management for HF clients
