NR 511 Guaranteed Pass

ATI NCLEX NR 511 Review Course | Correct Answers Included Ulcerative Colitis - answer - A disease only of the colon Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - answer - the mucosal surface of the colon is inflamed-most often occurs in the rectosigmoid areas, must may involve the entire colon Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - answer - Occurs in the rectum and sigmoid colon Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - answer - Results in friability, erosions, and bleeding Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - answer - Characterized by bloody and purulent diarrhea Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - answer - While it is not the first treatment choice, total colectomy is a treatment option that can completely resolve this problem Diverticulitis - answer - Patients with diverticulitis may present with bleeding not associated with pain or discomfort. Diverticulitis - answer - Is associated with obesity-these patients are at higher risk Diverticulitis - answer - When the diverticula become inflamed, there are usual signs and symptoms of infection-fever, chills, and tachycardia, painless bloody stools Diverticulitis - answer - Patients typically present with localized pain and tenderness in the LLQ of the abdomen with associated anorexia, nausea and vomiting Diverticulitis - answer - CT scan with contrast may sometimes be done to r/o if the gynecologic etiology (such as ovarian cyst or tumor) as well as bowel pathology such as abdominal abscess Diverticulitis - answer - High-fiber diet is best management Clostridium Difficile - answer - Infection of the large intestine Clostridium Difficile - answer - Exists in air, water, soil, processed food and human feces Clostridium Difficile - answer - Causes profuse, watery, mucoid diarrhea Clostridium difficile (C. diff) - answer - Certain types can be dangerous or life-threatening if not treated Clostridium Difficile Risk factors - answer - *Working in healthcare facility *Long duration hospitalization *Long-term use of antibiotics affects normal GI flora *Long-term use of medications that reduce GI acidity, *Consumption of contaminated food or water *Touching infected soil, objects and surfaces *Older adult will become dehydrated quickly Clostridium Difficile - answer - *Patient may be asymptomatic *Generally profuse, watery, mucoid diarrhea Clostridium Difficile: Mild to moderate infection - answer - Watery diarrhea three or more times/day for two or more days Clostridium Difficile: Mild to moderate infection - answer - Mild abdominal cramping and tenderness Clostridium Difficile Severe infection: - answer - Watery diarrhea (10-15 stools/day) Clostridium Difficile Severe infection: - answer - Strong foul odor Clostridium Difficile Severe infection: - answer - Acute abdomen secondary to toxic megacolon with perforation Clostridium Difficile Severe infection: - answer - Abdominal distention Clostridium Difficile Severe infection: - answer - Fever Clostridium Difficile Severe infection: - answer - Nausea/vomiting/dehydration requiring hospitalization Clostridium Difficile Severe infection: - answer - Blood or pus in the stools (severe cases) Clostridium Difficile: Diagnosis - answer - Complete blood count (CBC): elevated WBC count Clostridium Difficile: Diagnosis - answer - Enzyme-linked immunodeficiency assay (ELISA): identifies toxins that produce C. diff bacteria Clostridium Difficile: Diagnosis - answer - Cell cytotoxicity assay: identifies the effects of bacterial toxins on human cells Clostridium Difficile: Diagnosis - answer - Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): detects bacterial genes Clostridium Difficile: Diagnosis - answer - Endoscopy: if the patient is unresponsive to treatment; will show pseudomembranes that suggest c-diff infection Clostridium Difficile: Treatment - answer - Metronidazole Clostridium Difficile: Treatment - answer - Probiotics- to restore the healthy growth of normal GI bacteria Clostridium Difficile: Treatment - answer - Colectomy in severe cases Clostr