PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 | FROM QUESTION TO
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
the skin Answer: what is the largest organ of the body
skin Answer: ____ acts as the first line of defense when unbroken
fluid Answer: skin prevents the excessive loss of _____
body temperature Answer: what does skin control
cutanous vasodilation and secretion and evap of sweat Answer: what are two ways the skin
controls body temp
sensory perception Answer: skin is active in the _________
skin Answer: what synthesizes vitamin D
sebum Answer: excess bacterial growth is controlled by ____ which is (produced by sebaceous
glands) and resident microflora
epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis Answer: what are the 3 layers of the skin
stratum basale Answer: what is the base layer that is located on the basement membrane
mitosis Answer: how do new SQUAMOUS epithelial cells form in stratum basale
THIS IS THE ONLY LAYER OF EPIDERMIS WHERE THIS OCCURS
stratum spinosum Answer: what is the spiny layer that is located above the stratum basale
polyhedral keratinocytes Answer: what are the irregulary shaped cells in the stratum spinosum
desmosomes Answer: what are the intercellular connections in polyhedral keratinocytes called
keratin synthesis Answer: what do cells of stratum spinosum contribute too
stratum granulosum Answer: what layer is composed of keratinocytes
keratin Answer: what is the protein foound in skin, hair, and nails
keratinocytes Answer: _____ start to die and break down in stratum GRANULOSUM
stratum granulosum Answer: keratinocytes start to shed and die in what layer
stratum lucidum Answer: what layer may not be preset in thin skin but is apparent in thicker
skin like sole of your foot
stratum lucidum Answer: stratum lucidum is composed of _______ that are flattened and
closelt packed with indistinct cell margins
eleidin Answer: a transparent, intermediate product of keratin maturation
stratum corneum Answer: the ______ is the outer layer of the epidermis
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, flat dead cells Answer: the stratum corneum is primarilty of ________ that are constantly being
shed and replaced from the underlying layer
~complete skin regeneration every 30 days
keratin fibers formed from eleidin Answer: interior of stratum corneum cells are filled with a
dense network of _____________ which makes them waterproof
keratinization Answer: what is the process of cells forming in the stratum basale and moving
upward to the skin surface, filling with keratin
melanocytes Answer: the epidermis also contains _____ which are specialized pigment
producing cells
melanin Answer: skin pigment - determines skin color
- Production depends on multiple genes and
environment (such as ultraviolet light exposure)
albinism Answer: recessive congenital disorder where the
body lacks production of melanin
vitiligo Answer: small areas of hypopigmentation that may
gradually spread to involve larger areas
melasma Answer: patches of darker skin, often
on the face, that may develop during pregnancy
dermis Answer: what is the middle layer of skin that contains elastin and collagen that provide
the flexibility and strength in the skin
elastic and collagen Answer: what two things does the dermis contain that provide the
flexibility and strength in the skin
nerves and blood vessels Answer: ______ and ______ pass through the dermis, which is
presure, texture, heat, cold, and pain
papillae Answer: Junction between epidermis and dermis is marked by
_________- irregular projections of dermis into the
epidermal region to increase surface area between
the two regions and facilitate nutrient exchange and
sensory input/outputs
epidermis continuous Answer: hair follicles are lined by the ________ with the surface
arrector pili, Answer: Each hair follicle has smooth muscle attached to it, the
________ that is controlled by sympathetic nerves
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
the skin Answer: what is the largest organ of the body
skin Answer: ____ acts as the first line of defense when unbroken
fluid Answer: skin prevents the excessive loss of _____
body temperature Answer: what does skin control
cutanous vasodilation and secretion and evap of sweat Answer: what are two ways the skin
controls body temp
sensory perception Answer: skin is active in the _________
skin Answer: what synthesizes vitamin D
sebum Answer: excess bacterial growth is controlled by ____ which is (produced by sebaceous
glands) and resident microflora
epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis Answer: what are the 3 layers of the skin
stratum basale Answer: what is the base layer that is located on the basement membrane
mitosis Answer: how do new SQUAMOUS epithelial cells form in stratum basale
THIS IS THE ONLY LAYER OF EPIDERMIS WHERE THIS OCCURS
stratum spinosum Answer: what is the spiny layer that is located above the stratum basale
polyhedral keratinocytes Answer: what are the irregulary shaped cells in the stratum spinosum
desmosomes Answer: what are the intercellular connections in polyhedral keratinocytes called
keratin synthesis Answer: what do cells of stratum spinosum contribute too
stratum granulosum Answer: what layer is composed of keratinocytes
keratin Answer: what is the protein foound in skin, hair, and nails
keratinocytes Answer: _____ start to die and break down in stratum GRANULOSUM
stratum granulosum Answer: keratinocytes start to shed and die in what layer
stratum lucidum Answer: what layer may not be preset in thin skin but is apparent in thicker
skin like sole of your foot
stratum lucidum Answer: stratum lucidum is composed of _______ that are flattened and
closelt packed with indistinct cell margins
eleidin Answer: a transparent, intermediate product of keratin maturation
stratum corneum Answer: the ______ is the outer layer of the epidermis
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, flat dead cells Answer: the stratum corneum is primarilty of ________ that are constantly being
shed and replaced from the underlying layer
~complete skin regeneration every 30 days
keratin fibers formed from eleidin Answer: interior of stratum corneum cells are filled with a
dense network of _____________ which makes them waterproof
keratinization Answer: what is the process of cells forming in the stratum basale and moving
upward to the skin surface, filling with keratin
melanocytes Answer: the epidermis also contains _____ which are specialized pigment
producing cells
melanin Answer: skin pigment - determines skin color
- Production depends on multiple genes and
environment (such as ultraviolet light exposure)
albinism Answer: recessive congenital disorder where the
body lacks production of melanin
vitiligo Answer: small areas of hypopigmentation that may
gradually spread to involve larger areas
melasma Answer: patches of darker skin, often
on the face, that may develop during pregnancy
dermis Answer: what is the middle layer of skin that contains elastin and collagen that provide
the flexibility and strength in the skin
elastic and collagen Answer: what two things does the dermis contain that provide the
flexibility and strength in the skin
nerves and blood vessels Answer: ______ and ______ pass through the dermis, which is
presure, texture, heat, cold, and pain
papillae Answer: Junction between epidermis and dermis is marked by
_________- irregular projections of dermis into the
epidermal region to increase surface area between
the two regions and facilitate nutrient exchange and
sensory input/outputs
epidermis continuous Answer: hair follicles are lined by the ________ with the surface
arrector pili, Answer: Each hair follicle has smooth muscle attached to it, the
________ that is controlled by sympathetic nerves
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
