Page |1
NUR 521 Advanced Pharmacology – Exam 2 Practice Questions complete
Exam 2 TEST BANK Practice Questions with 100% correct Answers and
Rationale 2026 | 2027 UPDATED!!!!! University of Alabama
Exam Coverage: This exam focuses on prototype drugs across cardiovascular,
endocrine, CNS/psychiatric, autonomic, infectious disease, and pain management
pharmacology. You are responsible for the name, MOA, indication, common
adverse effects, serious adverse effects, dosing, administration, contraindications,
interactions, and patient education for all prototype drugs presented in each
module.
Section 1: Cardiovascular Pharmacology (Questions)
Diuretics
1. What is the primary mechanism of action of furosemide
(Lasix)?
A. Blocking reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the distal
tubule
B. Blocking reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the loop of
Henle
C. Inhibiting aldosterone receptors in the collecting duct
D. Osmotic diuresis in the proximal tubule
Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that blocks the Na⁺-K⁺-
, Page |2
2Cl⁻ cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of
Henle, producing powerful diuresis.
2. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of
hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Photosensitivity
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics commonly cause photosensitivity,
hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia.
3. A patient taking furosemide should be monitored for which
electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: B
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause significant potassium loss,
leading to hypokalemia.
4. Spironolactone is classified as which type of diuretic?
A. Loop diuretic
B. Thiazide diuretic
C. Potassium-sparing diuretic
, Page |3
D. Osmotic diuretic
Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist that
spares potassium while promoting sodium and water excretion.
5. A patient taking spironolactone should avoid:
A. Potassium supplements
B. Calcium supplements
C. Vitamin D
D. Iron supplements
Answer: A
Rationale: Spironolactone increases potassium retention;
concurrent potassium supplements can cause life-threatening
hyperkalemia.
6. Mannitol is classified as which type of diuretic?
A. Loop diuretic
B. Thiazide diuretic
C. Potassium-sparing diuretic
D. Osmotic diuretic
Answer: D
Rationale: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that pulls water into
the renal tubules, used for cerebral edema and increased
intracranial pressure.
7. A patient with increased intracranial pressure is prescribed
mannitol. The nurse should monitor for:
, Page |4
A. Fluid overload
B. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
Rationale: Mannitol causes significant fluid shifts and can lead
to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
8. Which diuretic is most appropriate for a patient with acute
pulmonary edema?
A. Hydrochlorothiazide
B. Spironolactone
C. Furosemide
D. Acetazolamide
Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide is the diuretic of choice for acute
pulmonary edema due to its rapid and potent diuretic effect.
9. A patient taking a thiazide diuretic should be monitored for:
A. Hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia
B. Hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, and hypouricemia
C. Hyponatremia only
D. No electrolyte changes
Answer: A
Rationale: Thiazides cause hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, and
hyperuricemia.
NUR 521 Advanced Pharmacology – Exam 2 Practice Questions complete
Exam 2 TEST BANK Practice Questions with 100% correct Answers and
Rationale 2026 | 2027 UPDATED!!!!! University of Alabama
Exam Coverage: This exam focuses on prototype drugs across cardiovascular,
endocrine, CNS/psychiatric, autonomic, infectious disease, and pain management
pharmacology. You are responsible for the name, MOA, indication, common
adverse effects, serious adverse effects, dosing, administration, contraindications,
interactions, and patient education for all prototype drugs presented in each
module.
Section 1: Cardiovascular Pharmacology (Questions)
Diuretics
1. What is the primary mechanism of action of furosemide
(Lasix)?
A. Blocking reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the distal
tubule
B. Blocking reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the loop of
Henle
C. Inhibiting aldosterone receptors in the collecting duct
D. Osmotic diuresis in the proximal tubule
Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that blocks the Na⁺-K⁺-
, Page |2
2Cl⁻ cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of
Henle, producing powerful diuresis.
2. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of
hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Photosensitivity
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics commonly cause photosensitivity,
hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia.
3. A patient taking furosemide should be monitored for which
electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: B
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause significant potassium loss,
leading to hypokalemia.
4. Spironolactone is classified as which type of diuretic?
A. Loop diuretic
B. Thiazide diuretic
C. Potassium-sparing diuretic
, Page |3
D. Osmotic diuretic
Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist that
spares potassium while promoting sodium and water excretion.
5. A patient taking spironolactone should avoid:
A. Potassium supplements
B. Calcium supplements
C. Vitamin D
D. Iron supplements
Answer: A
Rationale: Spironolactone increases potassium retention;
concurrent potassium supplements can cause life-threatening
hyperkalemia.
6. Mannitol is classified as which type of diuretic?
A. Loop diuretic
B. Thiazide diuretic
C. Potassium-sparing diuretic
D. Osmotic diuretic
Answer: D
Rationale: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that pulls water into
the renal tubules, used for cerebral edema and increased
intracranial pressure.
7. A patient with increased intracranial pressure is prescribed
mannitol. The nurse should monitor for:
, Page |4
A. Fluid overload
B. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
Rationale: Mannitol causes significant fluid shifts and can lead
to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
8. Which diuretic is most appropriate for a patient with acute
pulmonary edema?
A. Hydrochlorothiazide
B. Spironolactone
C. Furosemide
D. Acetazolamide
Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide is the diuretic of choice for acute
pulmonary edema due to its rapid and potent diuretic effect.
9. A patient taking a thiazide diuretic should be monitored for:
A. Hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia
B. Hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, and hypouricemia
C. Hyponatremia only
D. No electrolyte changes
Answer: A
Rationale: Thiazides cause hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, and
hyperuricemia.
