ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - EXAM 1 Questions with Correct
Solutions
Question:
1. basic functions of all living things
Answer:
-responsiveness -growth -reproduction -movement -metabolism
Question:
2. anatomy
Answer:
structure -cutting open study of the structure of the human body -external and internal
-physical relationships between body parts
Question:
3. physiology
Answer:
study of function of anatomical structure -how organs work separate and together
Question:
4. gross anatomy
Answer:
include: -surface anatomy: what you can see on surface, study of general form and superficial
markings -regional anatomy: study of all superficial and internal features of a specific region
of the body systemic anatomy: study of the structure of major organ systems
Question:
5. microscopic anatomy
Answer:
includes: -cytology: study of cells -histology: study of tissues and organs under a microscope
Question:
6. levels of organization **
Answer:
-molecule-cell-tissue-organ-organ system- organism
Question:
7. levels of organization : chemical level
,Answer:
-Atoms are the smallest stable units of matter -Atoms combine to form molecules -Molecular
shape defines function
Question:
8. levels of organization : cellular level
Answer:
-Cells are the smallest living units -Cellular structures have specific functions -Different cell
types have different functions
Question:
9. levels of organization: tissue level
Answer:
-A collection of cells working together to perform a specific function -4 basic tissue types
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues
Question:
10. levels of organization: organ level
Answer:
Organ: Two or more tissues working together to perform specific functions
Question:
11. levels of organization: organ system level
Answer:
Two or more organs working together to perform specific functions
Question:
12. levels of organization: organism level
Answer:
all organ systems working together to maintain health
Question:
13. the integumentary system
Answer:
-skin -Protects against environmental hazards -Helps control body temperature -Sensory
information
Question:
14. the skeletal system
, Answer:
-bones -Provides support -Protects tissues -Stores minerals -Forms blood cells -calcium is
important for muscle function -body regulate Ca+ if not enough it will take from bones -axial
skeleton: skull and ribs -appendicular skeleton: limbs
Question:
15. the muscular system
Answer:
-Allows for movement -Provides protection and support -Produces heat when burning energy
-skeletal voluntary muscle -muscle contract when cold "shivering" include: axial muscle,
appendicular muscle, tendons
Question:
16. the nervous system
Answer:
-Directs immediate responses to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of other organ
systems -Provides and interprets sensory information -Cognitive functions -central nervous
system: brain and spinal cord -peripheral nervous system: peripheral nerves
Question:
17. the endocrine system
Answer:
-PRODUCE HORMONES -Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems -all
endocrine glands
Question:
18. pituitary gland
Answer:
tell adrenal gland what to do, produce critical hormones
Question:
19. paranthyroid gland
Answer:
regulate calcium levels
Question:
20. adrenal gland
Answer:
produce hormones
Solutions
Question:
1. basic functions of all living things
Answer:
-responsiveness -growth -reproduction -movement -metabolism
Question:
2. anatomy
Answer:
structure -cutting open study of the structure of the human body -external and internal
-physical relationships between body parts
Question:
3. physiology
Answer:
study of function of anatomical structure -how organs work separate and together
Question:
4. gross anatomy
Answer:
include: -surface anatomy: what you can see on surface, study of general form and superficial
markings -regional anatomy: study of all superficial and internal features of a specific region
of the body systemic anatomy: study of the structure of major organ systems
Question:
5. microscopic anatomy
Answer:
includes: -cytology: study of cells -histology: study of tissues and organs under a microscope
Question:
6. levels of organization **
Answer:
-molecule-cell-tissue-organ-organ system- organism
Question:
7. levels of organization : chemical level
,Answer:
-Atoms are the smallest stable units of matter -Atoms combine to form molecules -Molecular
shape defines function
Question:
8. levels of organization : cellular level
Answer:
-Cells are the smallest living units -Cellular structures have specific functions -Different cell
types have different functions
Question:
9. levels of organization: tissue level
Answer:
-A collection of cells working together to perform a specific function -4 basic tissue types
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues
Question:
10. levels of organization: organ level
Answer:
Organ: Two or more tissues working together to perform specific functions
Question:
11. levels of organization: organ system level
Answer:
Two or more organs working together to perform specific functions
Question:
12. levels of organization: organism level
Answer:
all organ systems working together to maintain health
Question:
13. the integumentary system
Answer:
-skin -Protects against environmental hazards -Helps control body temperature -Sensory
information
Question:
14. the skeletal system
, Answer:
-bones -Provides support -Protects tissues -Stores minerals -Forms blood cells -calcium is
important for muscle function -body regulate Ca+ if not enough it will take from bones -axial
skeleton: skull and ribs -appendicular skeleton: limbs
Question:
15. the muscular system
Answer:
-Allows for movement -Provides protection and support -Produces heat when burning energy
-skeletal voluntary muscle -muscle contract when cold "shivering" include: axial muscle,
appendicular muscle, tendons
Question:
16. the nervous system
Answer:
-Directs immediate responses to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of other organ
systems -Provides and interprets sensory information -Cognitive functions -central nervous
system: brain and spinal cord -peripheral nervous system: peripheral nerves
Question:
17. the endocrine system
Answer:
-PRODUCE HORMONES -Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems -all
endocrine glands
Question:
18. pituitary gland
Answer:
tell adrenal gland what to do, produce critical hormones
Question:
19. paranthyroid gland
Answer:
regulate calcium levels
Question:
20. adrenal gland
Answer:
produce hormones
