LECOM-SH OPP 1001 — EXAM 4 (MULTIPLE CHOICE FORMAT) Gait Analysis (Kinematics, Stance Swing Phases) and Comprehensive Clinical Integration Questions with Answers and Detailed Rationales.pdf

Page |1


LECOM-SH OPP 1001 — EXAM 4 (MULTIPLE CHOICE
FORMAT) Gait Analysis (Kinematics, Stance/Swing Phases) and
Comprehensive Clinical Integration Questions with Answers and
Detailed Rationales



SECTION 1: GAIT CYCLE FUNDAMENTALS & PHASES


1. What is the definition of a gait cycle?
A. The sequence of movements from initial contact of one foot
to the next initial contact of the same foot
B. The sequence of movements from initial contact of one foot
to initial contact of the opposite foot
C. The sequence of movements from toe-off to heel strike
D. The sequence of movements from mid-stance to mid-stance
Answer: A
Rationale: A gait cycle is the sequence of movements from
initial contact (heel strike) of one foot to the next initial contact
of the same foot. It comprises one full stride, which includes two
steps.


2. What are the two primary phases of the gait cycle?
A. The stance phase and the swing phase
B. The contact phase and the propulsion phase

, Page |2


C. The loading phase and the unloading phase
D. The acceleration phase and the deceleration phase
Answer: A
Rationale: The stance phase is when the foot is in contact with
the ground (approximately 60% of the gait cycle). The swing
phase is when the foot is off the ground (approximately 40% of
the gait cycle).


3. What percentage of the gait cycle is spent in the stance
phase?
A. 40%
B. 50%
C. 60%
D. 80%
Answer: C
Rationale: The stance phase comprises about 60% of the gait
cycle in normal walking. This longer duration provides stability
during weight-bearing.


4. What percentage of the gait cycle is spent in the swing
phase?
A. 40%
B. 50%

, Page |3


C. 60%
D. 80%
Answer: A
Rationale: The swing phase comprises about 40% of the gait
cycle. During this phase, the foot is off the ground and
advancing forward.


5. What are the eight subphases of the gait cycle according to
the Rancho Los Amigos classification?
A. Initial contact, loading response, mid-stance, terminal stance,
pre-swing, initial swing, mid-swing, and terminal swing
B. Heel strike, foot flat, mid-stance, heel-off, toe-off,
acceleration, mid-swing, deceleration
C. Contact, absorption, support, propulsion, lift, advance, reach,
prepare
D. Strike, roll, push, lift, swing, reach, plant, stabilize
Answer: A
Rationale: The Rancho Los Amigos terminology is the standard
classification system for gait analysis. It divides the gait cycle
into eight functional phases that describe specific biomechanical
events.


**6. What is the initial contact phase of gait?

, Page |4


A. The moment the foot first contacts the ground (heel strike). It
comprises 0–2% of the gait cycle
B. The phase immediately following heel strike
C. The phase when the foot is flat on the ground
D. The phase when the heel rises off the ground
Answer: A
Rationale: Initial contact is the beginning of the stance phase.
The primary purpose is to establish stable foot contact with the
ground.


**7. What is the loading response phase of gait?
A. The phase immediately following initial contact (0–10% of
gait cycle) during which the body weight is transferred onto the
stance limb
B. The phase when the foot is flat on the ground
C. The phase when the heel rises off the ground
D. The phase when the foot leaves the ground
Answer: A
Rationale: Loading response involves shock absorption through
knee flexion and controlled ankle plantarflexion. It is also called
the "foot flat" phase.


**8. What is the mid-stance phase of gait?